CHUYÊN ĐỀ WORD FORM ÔN THI VÀO LỚP 10
1. Lý thuyết
1.1. Phân loại
| Hình thức | Vị trí | Ví dụ |
Noun (danh từ) | 1.V+ion ance ment or/er(chỉ người) ex:educate->education perform->performence 2.adj+ness Ex:happy->happiness | 1. đứng trước động từ làm chủ ngữ 2. đứng sau động từ làm tân ngữ 3. đứng sau: a/ an/ the/ of/ many/ much/ a lot of 4. đứng sau tính từ sỡ hữu: my, his, her, our, their 5.đứng sau tính từ | 1. Many visitors come to Da Lat every year. 2. I can see your happiness in your eyes |
Tính từ | Noun+ful al ous able ly y less(mang nghĩa phủ định) Ex:beauty->beautiful | 1.đứng trước danh từ 2.đứng sau các động từ, seem, be (am, is, are, was, were), get, become, feel, look, keep…. | 1. It is a beautiful day 2.You look fashionable in this dress. |
Trạng từ | Adj+ ly Ex: Careful ->carefully Chú ý: Good-well Fast-fast Hard-hard Early-early | 1.đứng sau động từ thường 2.đứng ngay sau tân ngữ của động từ thường (cuối câu) 3. đứng trước động từ chính 4. đứng trước tính từ | 1. I live happily on my farm. 2. I did my test carefully. 3. It was completely destroyed. 4. It’s extremely cold |
1.2. Thành lập danh từ chỉ người:
V – ee V– eer | Train/ trainee:người được h.luyện) Engine- engineer: kỹ sư | refer/ referee (trọng tài) | Employ/employee (công nhân) |
V– ant | Assist/ assistant: người phụ tá apply / applicant: người nộp đơn | contest/ contestant: thí sinh attend/ attendant: người tham dự | participate /participant: người tham gia |
- man | Doorman: người gác cổng | Guardsman: lính cận vệ | Business/ businessman: thương gia |
Others | Music/ musician: nhạc công Beg/ beggar: kẻ ăn xin | Library/ librarian: quản thủ thư Surgery/surgeon: nhà phẩuthuật | Invent/inventor Collect/collector |
1.3. Thành lập danh từ:
V - al | Arrive/ arrival: sự tới nơi | Remove/ removal: việc di chuyển | approve/ approval: sự tán thành |
V- ance | Appear/ appearance: sự x.hiện Guide/ guidance: sự hướng dẫn | Assist/ assistance: s ự giúp đỡ Perform/ performance: sự thực hiện | allow/ allowance: sự cho phép attend/ attendance: sự có mặt |
V- ence | Differ/ difference: sự khác nhau | Refer/ reference: sự tham khảo Prefer/ preference: sự thích | Depend/ dependence: sự phụ thuộc Confide/ confidence: sự tự tin |
Adj-ity | Able/ ability: khả năng Pure/ purity: sự tinh khiết Solid/ solidity: sự vững chắc | Electric/ electricity: điện Possible/ possibility: sự có thể Similar/ similarity: sự tương tự | Popular/ popularity: tính phổ biến Real/ reality: thực tế |
N – hood | Child/ childhood | Neighbor/ neighbourhood |
|
1.4. Thành lập tính từ:
N – ic | Science/ scientific: khoa học | Emphasis/ Emphatic: nhấn mạnh | History/ Historic: lịch sử |
N – ous | Fame/ famous: nỗi tiếng Danger/ dangerous: nguy hiểm Poison/ poisonous: độc hại | miracle/ miraculous: huyền diệu Marvel/ marvelous: tuyệt vời Nerve/ nervous: căng thẳng | Religion/ religious: tín ngưỡng Variety/ various: đa dạng Mystery/ mysterious: bí ẩn |
N - able V - able | Reason/ reasonable: hợp lý Admire/ admirable: đáng phục | Fashion/ fashionable: hợp thời comfort/ comfortable: tiện lợi | Horror/ horrible: kinh khủng Value/ Valuable: có giá trị |
N – ish | Child/ childish: như trẻ con | Self/ selfish: ích kỷ | Fool/ foolish: ngu xuẩn |
V – tive | Product/ productive: năng suất Protect/ protective: bảo vệ | Decorate/ decorative: để trang trí Collect/ collective: tập thể | Concentrate/ Concentrative: tập trung |
N – ful | Care/careful | Beauty/beautiful | Use/useful |
2. Bài tập
Supply the correct form of the words in capital letters
Exercise 1:
1. If you have any _________ about the TV set you bought, take it back to the store (COMPLAIN)
2. It was very _____ of you to interrupt your teacher when he was speaking (POLITE)
3. He was very _______ of the work he had done (PRIDE)
4. During his ________ his family lived in the country (CHILD)
5. John’s _______ made it hard for him to speak in public (SHY)
6. Scientists estimate that the world ______ will double in ten years’ time (POPULATE)
7. My favorite form of ______ is playing the guitar (ENTERTAIN)
8. Peter’s _______ as director came as no surprise (APPOINT)
9. We can see some strange ______ on his face (EXPRESS)
10. You must be _______ when you open that door (CARE)
Exercise 2:
A study into children's television viewing habits reveals that children whose parent have a high level of (1) ________ (EDUCATE) tend to watch less television than children from less educated family (2) _______ (BACK). The report also suggests that high rate of TV watching among children in poorer (3) ________ (SUBURB) areas and in the provinces , compared to those living in large urban centre , is often due to (4) ______ (POOR) and a lack of other kinds of (5) _____ (ENTERTAINMENT) in the area. Disco, cinema, theatre and sports (6) ______ (ACTIVE) offer children in urban centre a wider range of pastimes, which leads to far (7) ______ (FEW) hours being spent in front of the box. (8) ________ (COMERCE), comedies and adventure films are children’s ______ (FAVOR) programmes, while twenty per cent of children said they preferred (10) ______ (VOLENCE) films and thrillers.
Exercise 3:
1. _____ claim that the virus among seals was caused by pollution (ENVIRONMENT)
2. Jame received a lot of _______ from her teacher and friends (COURAGE)
3. Using electricity is an ____ way of cooking. Gas is much cheaper (ECONOMY)
4. The twins are so alike that it is difficult to _______ one from the other (DISTINCT)
5. Thousands of people were made ______ by the earthquake in Indonesia (HOME)
6. The ______ of the building has shocked everyone (DESTROY)
7. Mary always listens _____ to what the teacher explains (ATTEND)
8. The new leisure center doesn’t quite come up to my _____ (EXPECT)
9. I think it is very ______ of him to expect us to work overtime every night this week (REASON)
10. Thousands of people are living in ______ after the earthquake. (MISERABLE)
Exercise 4:
1. The thing I hate about John is his ________ (RELIABLE)
2. The thief replaced the diamond with a ______ stone (WORTH)
3. Although both ______ were good, we decided on the one with more experience (APPLY)
4. He is thinking of taking early ______ next year (RETIRE)
5. His boss accused him being over _______ (AMBITION)
6. Thousands of people have been made _______ by the war (HOME)
7. The keys were locked inside the car. _________, a side window was open (LUCK)
8. Due to the driver’s ______, we missed the train (STUBBORN)
9. There was the longest queue _______ in front of the box office (IMAGINE)
10. I’m just a beginner in _______ with Huong (COMPARE)
Exercise 5:
1. Harry asked for a ______ and the cashier gave him one (RECEIVE)
2. No one knows the exact _____ of the water here (DEEP)
3. You have to have a lot of _______ to go fishing (PATIENT)
4. _______ is a serious matter, and you have to think about it (MARRY)
5. Tom sent in his ______ for the job the next day (APPLY)
3. Đáp án
Exercise 1:
1. If you have any __complaint(s)_______ about the TV set you bought, take it back to the store (COMPLAIN)
2. It was very _impolite____ of you to interrupt your teacher when he was speaking (POLITE)
3. He was very __proud_____ of the work he had done (PRIDE)
4. During his __childhood______ his family lived in the country (CHILD)
5. John’s __shyness_____ made it hard for him to speak in public (SHY)
6. Scientists estimate that the world __population____ will double in ten years’ time (POPULATE)
7. My favorite form of _entertainment_____ is playing the guitar (ENTERTAIN)
8. Peter’s ___appointment____ as director came as no surprise (APPOINT)
9. We can see some strange ___expressions___ on his face (EXPRESS)
10. You must be __careful_____ when you open that door (CARE)
Exercise 2:
A study into children's television viewing habits reveals that children whose parent have a high level of (1) __education______ (EDUCATE) tend to watch less television than children from less educated family (2) _backgrounds______ (BACK). The report also suggests that high rate of TV watching among children in poorer (3) _suburban_______ (SUBURB) areas and in the provinces , compared to those living in large urban centre , is often due to (4) __poverty____ (POOR) and a lack of other kinds of (5) _entertainment____ (ENTERTAIN) in the area. Disco, cinema, theatre and sports (6) _activities_____ (ACTIVE) offer children in urban centre a wider range of pastimes, which leads to far (7) __fewer____ (FEW) hours being spent in front of the box. (8) ___commercials_____ (COMERCE), comedies and adventure films are children’s __favorite____ (FAVOR) programmes, while twenty per cent of children said they preferred (10) __violent____ (VOLENCE) films and thrillers.
Exercise 3:
1. _Environmentalists____ claim that the virus among seals was caused by pollution (ENVIRONMENT)
2. Jame received a lot of _encouragement______ from her teacher and friends (COURAGE)
3. Using electricity is an _uneconomic___ way of cooking. Gas is much cheaper (ECONOMY)
4. The twins are so alike that it is difficult to __distinguish_____ one from the other (DISTINCT)
5. Thousands of people were made __homeless____ by the earthquake in Indonesia (HOME)
6. The _destruction_____ of the building has shocked everyone (DESTROY)
7. Mary always listens __attentively___ to what the teacher explains (ATTEND)
8. The new leisure center doesn’t quite come up to my __expectations___ (EXPECT)
9. I think it is very __unreasonable____ of him to expect us to work overtime every night this week (REASON)
10. Thousands of people are living in __misery____ after the earthquake. (MISERABLE)
Exercise 4:
1. The thing I hate about John is his ___unreliability_____ (RELIABLE)
2. The thief replaced the diamond with a _worthless_____ stone (WORTH)
3. Although both __applicants____ were good, we decided on the one with more experience (APPLY)
4. He is thinking of taking early __retirement____ next year (RETIRE)
5. His boss accused him being over __ambitioned_____ (AMBITION)
6. Thousands of people have been made __homeless_____ by the war (HOME)
7. The keys were locked inside the car. ____Luckily_____, a side window was open (LUCK)
8. Due to the driver’s _stubbornness_____, we missed the train (STUBBORN)
9. There was the longest queue __imaginable_____ in front of the box office (IMAGINE)
10. I’m just a beginner in __comparison_____ with Huong (COMPARE)
Exercise 5:
1. Harry asked for a ___receipt___ and the cashier gave him one (RECEIVE)
2. No one knows the exact _depth____ of the water here (DEEP)
3. You have to have a lot of ___patience____ to go fishing (PATIENT)
4. __Marriage_____ is a serious matter, and you have to think about it (MARRY)
5. Tom sent in his __application____ for the job the next day (APPLY)
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