CHUYÊN ĐỀ CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ TIẾNG ANH ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 2021
1. LÝ THUYẾT
1.1. Giới thiệu chung về cụm động từ
Trong Tiếng Anh hiện đại, người ta hay dùng một hay hai particle (giới từ hay trạng từ) sau động từ để có được sự khác nhau về ý nghĩa.
Ví dụ: – give away = give sth to someone/anyone (Cho ai, tặng ai cái gì )
= to make known sth that sb wants to keep secret (thổ lộ, tiết lộ ra, tố giác ra )
– give up = abandon (a habit or attempt) (từ bỏ một thói quen, một nổ lực …)
– look after = take care of (Chăm sóc)
– look for = search for, seek (tìm kiếm)
– look out = beware (Hãy cẩn thận, coi chừng )
1.2. Phân loại cụm động từ
Trong Tiếng Anh, có 2 loại cụm động từ cơ bản:
a/ intransitive phrasal verbs (không có object)
EX: The plane will take off at 15:00.
b/ Transitive phrasal verbs (có object – danh từ hoặc đại từ)
+ Inseparable transitive phrasal verbs (Pharsal verbs không thể tách ra – Object luôn ở sau particle)
Ex: We are looking for my key. (Wrong: We are looking my key for )
+ Separable transitive phrasal verbs (Pharsal verbs có thể tách ra )
Phrasal verbs thường có thể tách được khi particles l: on, off, up, down, in, out, away
Nếu Object là danh từ, nó có thể đặt ở sau hay giữa phrasal verbs)
Ex: Remember to turn off the lights when going out.
Remember to turn the lights off when going out.
Nếu Object l một đại từ (me, us, it, them, you him, her …) thi nó luôn
được đặt ở giữa phrsal verb )
Ex: Please turn it off. (Wrong: Please turn off it )
1.3. 100 phrasal verb lớp 12 thường gặp trong đề thi THPTQG môn Tiếng Anh
1. Make up for: bù đắp, đền bù
2. Make up with: giảng hòa
3. Come up with: nảy ra , nghĩ ra
4. Come across: tình cờ gặp = Run into
5. Say against: chống đối
6. Fall back on: dựa vào, trông cậy
7. Carry out: thực hiện
8. Carry on: tiếp tuc
9. Bring about: đem lại, mang về
10. Put up with: chịu đựng
11. Stand in for: thay thế
12. Keep in touch with sb: giữ liên lạc với ai >< lose in touch with sb
13. Set up: thành lập
14. Put up: dựng lên
15. Make up: làm hòa, trang điểm, dựng chuyện
16. Catch up with = keep pace with = keep up with: bắt kịp với
17. Get on well with sb = get along with sb = be in good relationship with sb = be on good terms with sb: quan hệ tốt với ai
18. Be on duty: đang làm nhiệm vụ
19. Call on sb= visit sb: ghé thăm ai
20. Look after = take care of: chăm sóc
21. Turn up = show up: xuất hiện
22. Turn into: hóa thành , chuyển thành
23. Turn out: hóa ra, trở nên (phơi bày ...)
24. Go along with: đồng ý
25. Get by: đương đầu, xoay xở
26. Get over: vượt qua
27. Make out = take in = understand: hiểu
28. Pick up: nhặt, đón, hiểu
29. Look down on/upon sb: coi thường ai >< look up to sb
30. Get st across to sb: làm ai đó hiểu or tin
31. Try out = test: thử, kiểm tra
32. Turn back: trả lại
33. Put on: mặc vào
34. Put off: hoãn
35. Take off: cởi ra, cất cánh (máy bay)
36. Go off: nổ(bom, súng) , ôi thiu (thức ăn) , kêu (đồng hồ .)
37. Catch sight of: bắt gặp
38. Make allowance for: chiếu cố, để mắt đến
39. Put out: dập tắt
40. Put aside: để dành, tiết kiệm = save up
41. See sb off: tiễn ai
42. See sb through: thấu hiểu ai
43. Stand up for: hộ trợ
44. Cut down on: cắt giảm
45. Catch up on: làm cái mà bạn chưa có tgian để làm
46. Get dressed up to: ăn diện
47. Pull through: hồi phục (sau phẫu thuật)
48. Come round: tỉnh lại, hồi phục (sau ốm)
49. Come in for: phải chịu = be subjected to
50. Get away from: tránh xa
51. Go down with: mắc phải, nhiễm phải (bệnh)
52. Go back on: nuốt lời
53. Take sb back to: gợi nhớ cho ai điều gì
54. Fall out: cãi nhau
55. Bring up: nuôi nấng, dạy dỗ
56. Tell apart: phân biệt
57. Catch on: phổ biến
58. Give up: từ bỏ
59. Give off: bốc mùi, tỏa ra mùi
60. Take in: lừa
61. On account of = because of
62. On behalf of: thay mặt ai
63. Go over = check: kiểm tra
64. Go on = carry on = keep on= come on: tiếp tục
65. Take up: bắt đầu 1 sợ thích , chơi 1 môn thể thao nào đó
66. Result in = lead to: gây ra
67. Result from: là do nguyên nhân từ...
68. Make room for: dọn chỗ cho...
69. Make up one's mind: quyết định
70. Call off = cancel: hủy
71. Go by: đi qua, trôi qua
72. Go up: tăng lên
73. Break down: hỏng
74. Break into: đột nhập
75. Take after: giống = look like
76. Let sb down: làm ai thất vọng
77. Count on: tin tưởng, dựa vào = rely on = trust in
78. Be fed up with: chán
79. Be fond of = be interested in= be keen on: thích
80. Break up: tan vỡ
81. Breakthrough: đột phá
82. Come forward with:
83. Get over: vượt qua (bệnh tật)
84. Come over: vượt qua (khó khăn)
85. Take over: nắm quyền , thay thế
86. Take on: tuyển người
87. Go through: đi qua, hoàn thành (công việc)
88. Get on: lên xe
89. Get off: xuống xe
90. Look into: điều tra
91. Run out of: hết
92. Get rid of: loại bỏ
93. Make use of: tận dụng
94. Out of the question = impossible: không thể
95. Out of order: hỏng
96. Out of date: quá hạn
97. Out of work: thất nghiệp
98. Out of the blue: bất ngờ
99. Out of control: ngoài tầm kiểm soát >< under control
100. Put down: đàn áp
101. Turn down: bác bỏ, từ chối, vặn nhỏ (âm thanh)
2. Bài tập Phrasal verb lớp 12 có đáp án
2.1. Chọn đáp án đúng
1. It was the third time in six months that the bank had been held _____ .
A. over B. down C. up D. out
2. I always run _____ of money before the end of the month.
A. out B. back C. up D. down
3. It's taking me longer to get _____ the operation than I thought.
A. through B. by C. up from D. over
4. I've just spent two weeks looking _____an aunt of mine who's been ill.
A. at B. for C. out for D. after
5. I've always got _____ well with old people.
A. off B. on C. in D. through
6. It's very cold in here. Do you mind if I turn _________ the heating?
A. down B. away C. off D. on
7. They've _____ a new tower where that old building used to be.
A. put up B. put down C. pushed up D. pushed down
8. Stephen always wanted to be an actor when he ________ up.
A. came B. grew C. brought D. settled
9. The bus only stops here to ________ passengers.
A. alight B. get on C. get off D. pick up
10. If anything urgent comes _____, you can contact me at this number.
A. across B. by C. up D. round
11. Your daughter's just started work, hasn't she? How's she getting _____?
A. by B. on C. out D. in
12. We had to turn _______ their invitation to lunch as we had a previous engagement.
A. over B. out C. up D. down
13. While driving to work, we ran out____ gas.
A. up B. of C. in D. to
14. He died ____ heart disease.
A. from B. because C. of D. in
15. The elevator is not running today. It is ________ order.
A. to B. out C. out of D. in
16. I explained ____ him what it meant.
A. to B. about C. over D. from
17. Pasteur devoted all his life _______ science.
A. for B. in C. on D. to
18. House cats are distantly related ___ lions and tigers.
A. in B. to C. of D. about
19. Is this type of soil suitable ___ growing tomatoes ?
A. for B. about C. in D. at
20. Were you aware _____ the regulations against smoking in this area ?
A. in B. with C. of D. about
21. One meter is approximately equal _____ a yard.
A. about B. on C. to D. with
22. Jane doesn't spend much money _____ clothes.
A. over B. about C. at D. on
23. She always takes good care _____ her children.
A. for B. in C. of D. with
24. William insists _____ getting up early, even on weekends.
A. on B. to C. toward D. for
25. What does this symbol refer_____ ?
A. on B. to C. for D. toward
26. The accident resulted _____ several minor injuries.
A. on B. in C. of D. at
27. Congratulations _____ your success!
A. to B. on C. in D. up
28. Mrs. Liz was accused _____ having stolen the car.
A. of B. with C. in D. upon
29. We are here to provide you _____ the best service possible.
A. of B. with C. to D. for
30. He has been absent _____ school very often lately.
A. from B. on C. in D. with
31. Vehicles also account _____ air pollution in the cities.
A. on B. at C. for D. in
32. Last night I was invited _____ a formal get-together and I enjoyed myself a great deal.
A. to B. at C. for D. about
33. The police blamed the mother_____ neglecting her child.
A. to B. for C. with D. of
34. They prevented me _____ talking to that woman .
A. from B. on C. with D. at
35. Take the number 7 bus and get __________ at Forest Road.
A. up B. down C. off D. outside
36. If you want to join this club, you must__________ this application form.
A. make up B. write down C. do up D. fill in
37. The water company will have to_______ off water supplies while repairs to the pipes are carried ___________.
A. take/in B. cut/out C. set/up D. break/to
38. He wanted to______ off all his work before he came to the cinema with us.
A. finish B. stop C. end D. put
39. They were 30 minutes later because their car _______ down.
A. got B. put C. cut D. broke
40. That problem is _______ them. We can’t make _______ our mind yet.
A. out off/on B. up to/up C. away from/for D. on for/off
41. Brian asked Judy________ to dinner and a movie.
A. out B. on C. for D. of
42. My wife backed me _______ over my decision to quit my job.
A. down B. up C. of D. for
43. The racing car _______ after it crashed into the fence.
A. blew out B. blew over C. blew up D. blew down
44. Our car ________ at the side of the highway in the snowstorm.
A. broke into B. broke away C. broke in D. broke down
45. Mike _________ Alaska, so he's used to cold weather.
A. comes over B. comes in C. comes across D. comes from
46. Jane had a difficult childhood. She _______ a broken home.
A. came from B. came over C. came in D. came up with
47. The woman _______ when the police told her that her son had died.
A. broke down B. broke away C. broke in D. broke into
48. Our teacher broke the final project _______ into three separate parts.
A. in B. into C. away D. down
49. Somebody _______ last night and stole our stereo.
A. broke off B. broke in C. broke out D. broke up
50. The firemen had to break _______ the room to rescue the children.
A. off B. up C. out D. into
ĐÁP ÁN
1 - C; 2 - A; 3 - D; 4 - D; 5 - B;
6 - D; 7 - A; 8 - B; 9 - D; 10 - C;
11 - B; 12 - D; 13 - B; 14 - C; 15 - C;
16 - A; 17 - D; 18 - B; 19 - A; 20 - C;
21 - C; 22 - D; 23 - C; 24 - A; 25 - B;
26 - B; 27 - B; 28 - A; 29 - B; 30 - A;
31 - A; 32 - A; 33 - B; 34 - A; 35 - C;
36 - D; 37 - B; 38 - D; 39 - D;40 - B;
41 - A; 42 - B; 43 - C; 44 - D; 45 - D;
46 - A; 47 - A; 48 - D; 49 - B; 50 - D;
2.2. Chọn đáp án đúng nhất
1. It is generally accepted that in today's society women have access ________ education and can promote themselves much more easily than years ago.
a. to b. up c. on d. for
2. It took women a long time to struggle ________ the right to vote.
a. for b. with c. against d. upon
3. I think women are suited ________ many important things, besides childbearing and homemaking.
a. of b. on c. for d. about
4. Women are increasingly involved ________ the public life.
a. of b. in c. with d. from
5. If you have an old blanket, ________ it along so that we have something to sit on at the beach.
a. bring b. go c. put d. keep
6. Although the team was both mentally and physically exhausted, they ________ on walking.
a. stopped b. kept c. took d. put
7. Before the plane ________ off, the flight attendant told everyone to fasten their seat belts and put their chairs in an upright position.
a. woke b. brought c. kept d. took
8. Don't forget to ________ your gloves on. It is cold outside.
a. let b. make c. put d. fix
9. If you don't pay your rent, your landlord is going to kick you out!
a. lend you some money b. play football with you
c. give you a kick d. force you to leave
10. Yesterday I ran into Sam at the grocery store. I had not seen him for years.
a. met b. visited c. said goodbye to d. made friends with
11. Let's go over that report again before we submit it.
a. dictate b. print c. read carefully d. type
12. I will not stand for your bad attitude any longer.
a. like b. tolerate c. mean d. care
13. Everything is _______ you. I cannot make _______ my mind yet.
a. out off / on b. up to / up c. away from / for d. on for / off
14. There is no food left. Someone must have eaten it _______.
a. out b. up c. off d. along
15. The explorers made a fire to _______ off wild animals.
a. get b. keep c. take d. go
16. If something urgent has _______ up, phone me immediately and I will help you.
a. picked b. come c. kept d. brought
17. The passengers had to wait because the plane ______ off one hour late.
a. took b. turned c. cut d. made
18. Be careful! The tree is going to fall.
a. Look out b. Look up c. Look on d. Look after
19. The organization was established in 950 in the USA.
a. come around b. set up c. made out d. put on
20. Within their home country, National Red Cross and Red Crescent societies assume the duties and responsibilities of a national relief society.
a. take on b. get off c. go about d. put in
21. The bomb exploded in the garage; fortunately no one hurt.
a. put on b. went off c. got out d. kept up
22. They had to delay their trip because of the bad weather.
a. get through b. put off c. keep up with d. go over
23. It took me a very long time to recover from the shock of her death.
a. turn off b. take on c. get over d. keep up with
24. He did not particularly want to play any competitive sport.
a. use up b. do with c. take up d. go on
25. I am tired because I went to bed late last night.
a. stayed up b. kept off c. put out d. brought up
26. She got _______ her car to pick _______ some wild flowers.
a. from / on b. in / at c. off / up d. out / for
27. The customer had tried ____ some blouses but none of them suited her.
a. at b. with c. in d. on
28. If I get this report finished I will knock _______ early and go to the pub for some drink.
a. up b. over c. on d. off
29. Boy! _______ away all your toys and. go to bed right now.
a. Come b. Lie c. Put d. Sit
30. I have been trying to ring him up all day and I could not ______ through.
a. get b. take c. look d. hang
31. The water supply of the building was ______ off because the pipes burst.
a. handed b. held c. cut d. paid
32. How are you _______ on with your work? - It is OK.
a. calling b. getting c. laying d. looking
33. Did your son pass the university entrance examination?
a. make up b. get along c. go up d. get through
34. What may happen if John will not arrive in time?
a. go along b. count on c. keep away d. turn up
35. Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside.
a. calls on b. keeps off c. takes in d. goes up
36. They decided to postpone their journey till the end of the month because of the epidemic.
a. take up b. turn round c. put off d. do with
37. The stranger came ___ me and asked, "Is there a post office near here?"
a. on to b. away from c. out of d. up to
38. Frankly speaking, your daughter does not take _______ you at all.
a. after b. along c. up d. over
39. She is not really friendly. She does not get on well ____ her classmates.
a. from b. with c. for d. to
40. I would be grateful if you kept the news _______ yourself. Do not tell anyone about it.
a. from b. to c. for d. at
41. I do not use those things any more. You can _______ them away.
a. get b. fall c. throw d. make
42. They were late for work because their car _______ down.
a. got b. put c. cut d. broke
43. The authority _______ down that building to build a supermarket.
a. knocked b. came c. went d. fell
44. My husband spends far more time helping our three kids ________ homework and studying for tests than I do.
a. on b. to c. with d. in
45. My husband and I take turns cleaning ________ the kitchen depending ________ who gets home from work earlier.
a. away / to b. from / in c. up / on d. with / for
46. The efforts for the advancement of women have resulted ________ several respectively achievement in women's life and work.
a. at b. with c. for d. in
47. The women's movement has affirmed women's rights to non-discrimination ________ education, employment and economic and social activities.
a. in b. of c. from d. about
48. The small white flowers are my favorite. They give off a wonderful honey smell that scents the entire garden.
a. release b. stop c. end d. melt
49. I couldn't make out what he had talked about because I was not used to his accent.
a. stand b. understand c. write d. interrupt
50. I'm sorry. I didn't mean to interrupt you. Please, go on and finish what you were saying.
a. talk b. quit c. continue d. stop
51. The firefighters fought the blaze while the crowd was looking on it.
a. blowing b. watering c. preventing d. watching
52. I cannot believe Peter and Mary ________ up last week. They have been married for almost fifteen years. I hope they get back together.
a. went b. gave c. looked d. broke
53. It took us over twelve hours to hike over the mountain. By the time we got back to our campsite, I was completely ________ out.
a. worn b. went c. put d. knocked
54. If you don't have the telephone number now, you can ________ me up later and give it to me then.
a. call b. stop c. give d. hold
55. What does "www" ________ for? Is it short for “world wide web?”
a. sit b. stand c. lie d. point
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- Chuyên đề điền từ môn Tiếng Anh ôn thi tốt nghiêp THPT 2021
- Chuyên đề đọc hiểu môn Tiếng Anh ôn thi tốt nghiêp THPT 2021
- Chuyên đề các dạng bài tập tự luận môn Tiếng Anh 12
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