CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT VỚI TO V
1. Lý thuyết
Reported speech with to infinitive
Khi lời nói gián tiếp là lời đề nghị, mệnh lệnh, ý định, lời hứa, lời yêu cầu,... độn g từ tường thuật cùng với động từ nguyên mẫu theo sau thường dùng để truyền tải nội dung lời nói trên
• Động từ tường thuật + tân ngữ + động từ nguyên mẫu [ to infinitive]
Động từ tường thuật: ask, advise, command, invite, order, recommend, encourage, urge, warn, want., beg, instruct, persuade…
• Động từ tường thuật + động từ nguyên mẫu [ to infinitive]
Động từ tường thuật: agree, demand, hope, promise, threaten, offer, refuse, decide...
Ø Would you/ Could you / Will you/ Can you -> asked+ sb + to + V
Ø Would you mind + V-ing /Do you mind + V-ing -> asked + sb + to +V
Ø Would you like/ Will you -> invited + sb + to + V
a. Đề nghị, lời mời:
S + invite + (O) + to V …
S + offer + to V …
Ex: He said, “Would you like to go out for a drink?”
---> He invited me to go out for a drink.
b. Yêu cầu: (động từ tường thuật ask)
S + asked + someboby + for + something
Ex: In a restaurant, the man said; “I’d like a bottle of red wine, please”
-> The man asked for a bottle of red wine
c. Khuyên bảo: S + advised + O + to V …
Ex: “You should study harder,” my mother said.
---> My mother advised me to study harder.
Lời khuyên thường bắt đầu bằng:
- You should / You ought to V...........
- If I were you , I would/ should …
- You had better …
- Why don’t you ….
Eg: ’ Why don’t you repaint our room? ® She advised me to repaint their room.
d. Lời nhắc nhở
Remember… khi chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp ta áp dụng cấu trúc sau
Don’t for get
S + remind(ed) + someboby + to Infinitive verb
Ex: She said to me; “Don’t forget to ring me up tomorrow evening”
-> She reminded me to ring her up the bext eveining
e. Sự đồng ý về quan điểm như: all right, yes, of course (áp dụng cấu trúc sau):
S + agreed + to verb…
Ex: “All right, I’ll wait for you” he said
-> He agreed to wait for me
f. Câu trực tiếp diễn tả điều mong muốn như: would like, wish :
S + wanted + O + to verb…
Ex: “I’d like Lan to become a doctor,” my mum said
-> My mum wanted Lan to become a doctor
g. Từ chối : S + refused + to V …
Eg: ‘No, I won’t lend you my car”
-> He refused to lend me his car.
h. Lời hứa: S + promised to V…
Eg: ‘I’ll send you a card on your birthday”
-> He promised to send me a card on my birthday.
2. Bài tập
Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech with infinitives.
1. “Remember to write to me soon,” she said to me.
She reminded ..............................................................................................................................
2. “You’d better spend more time learning to write,” I said to the boy.
I advised .....................................................................................................................................
3. “Would you like to have dinner with us tonight?” Mike said to Linda.
Mike invited ................................................................................................................................
4. “Please, please turn off the T.V, John,” said Tom.
Tom begged ................................................................................................................................
5. “Don’t lean your bicycles against my windows, boys,” said the shopkeeper.
The shopkeeper warned .............................................................................................................
6. “Open the safe,” the robber said to the bank clerk.
The robber ordered ......................................................................................................................
7. “Leave this space clean, David,” she said.
She told .......................................................................................................................................
8. “Shall I open the window for you, Edna?” he said.
He offered ..................................................................................................................................
9. “I’ll wait for you. I promise,” he said to me.
He promised ................................................................................................................................
10. “Would you like to come with me?” John said to Mary.
John invited ................................................................................................................................
11. “Don’t forget to take the holiday,” Mark said to me.
Mark reminded me ......................................................................................................................
12. “You should take a holiday,” Jane said to David.
Jane advised ...............................................................................................................................
13. “I thought you took a holiday last summer,” Tom said to Sophia.
John expected Sophia ..................................................................................................................
14. “Taking a holiday would be a good idea,” George said.
George proposed ........................................................................................................................
15. “ You really must take a holiday, Linda,” Jim said.
Jim told .......................................................................................................................................
16. “Don’t touch that switch, Peter,” I said.
I warned .................................................................................................................................
17. “Read this document before you sign it,” he said to her.
He advised ................................................................................................................................
18. “Will you help me, please?” she said to me.
She asked .................................................................................................................................
19. “Please do as I say,” he said to me.
He begged ...................................................................................................................................
20. “Don’t forget to prune the roses,” my aunt said to Alfred
My aunt reminded .......................................................................................................................
21. “Would you like me to help you with the cooking, Tom?” Laura said.
Laura offered ..............................................................................................................................
22. “If you don’t pay the ransom, we’ll kill your son,” the kidnappers said to them.
The kidnappers threatened .........................................................................................................
23. “I won’t answer any questions,” Paul said
Paul agreed ................................................................................................................................
24. “Would you like to go camping with us next weekend?” Andrew said to Cindy.
Andrew invited .........................................................................................................................
25. “Don’t forget to join in the contest tomorrow morning, Robin,” Jessica said.
Jessica reminded .........................................................................................................................
26. “Would you like me to clean the room for you, Alvin?” she said.
She offered ........................................................................................................................
27. “If I were you, I would join the voluntary team tomorrow, Tom,” said Eve.
Eve advised ................................................................................................................................
28. “Flora, can you remember to buy some bread?” said Raymond.
Raymond reminded ..........................................................................................…
29. “ I really think you should see a doctor, Lucia, ” said Thomas.
Thomas advised ........................................................................................
30. “No, I’m sorry, I won’t work on Saturday,” said Victoria
Victoria refused ..........................................................................................………
31. “ If you like, I’ll help you do the decorating, Carol,” said Charles
Charles offered ............................................................................................………
32. Louis said, “Yes, all right, I’ll share the bill with you, Lisa”
Louis agreed ..............................................................................................……
33. “Carol, speaking English,” he said
He told ................................................................................................……………………
34. “Fill in the form, sir” the receptionist said to the guest.
The receptionist asked .....................................................................................…
35. “Mind your own business,” Ethel told me.
Ethel told ................................................................................................……………………
36. “Don’t repair the computer yourself,” she said to him.
She warned ................................................................................................………
37. “Don’t give yourself up” he told his girlfriend.
He advised ................................................................................................…………
38. “Don’t go out without me,” Harry told Sally.
Harry begged ................................................................................................……
39. Allen said, “I’d like you to visit my house, Jack”
Allen wanted ................................................................................................……
40. “Don’t forget to post the letter for me when you go out,” my wife said to me.
My wife reminded ................................…………………………………………
41. “Could you possibly speak more slowly, please?” the student said to the teacher.
The student asked ………………………………………………………………………..........
42. “Guard, take him to the prison,” said the king.
The king ordered ...……………………………………………………….................................
43. “Can you translate this sentence into English for me?” Maria said to Mark.
Maria asked ...………………………………………………………………............................
44. “Don’t forget to send your uncle a birthday card tomorrow,” Mary said to her son.
Mary reminded ...…………………………………………………………................................
45. “Please come to our wedding,” John said to his boss.
John invited …………………………………………….............................................................
46. “I’ll pay for the next round,” Bobby said.
Bobby agreed ………………...……………...............................................................................
47. “Don’t run around the edge of the swimming pool or you’ll fall in,” Susan said to her children.
Susan warned ……………………………………………………….......................................
48. “I won’t go to bed,” Ron said.
Ron refused ……………………………………………….......................................................
49. “You should talk to your advisor,” Bill said to Linda.
Bill advised ……………...…………………………..................................................................
50. “Take that chewing gum out of your mouth immediately!” the teacher said to Tom.
The teacher ordered ………………………………………………………………...................
ĐÁP ÁN
1. She reminded me to write her soon.
2. I advised the boy to spend more time learning to write.
3. Mike invited Linda to have dinner with them that night.
4. Tom begged John to turn off the TV.
5. The shopkeeper warned boys not to lean their bicycles against his/ her window.
6. The robber ordered the bank clerk to open the safe.
7. She told David to leave that space clean.
8. He offfered to open the window for Edna.
9. He promised to wait for me.
10. John invited Mary to come with him.
11. Mark reminded me to take the holiday.
12. Jane advised David to have a holiday.
13. John expected Sophia to take a holiday the previous summer.
14. George proposed to take a holiday.
15. Jim told Linda to take a holiday.
16. I warned Peter not to touch that switch.
17. He advised her to read that document before she signed it.
18. She asked me to help her.
19. He begged me to do as he said.
20. My aunt reminded Alfred to prune the roses.
21. Laura offered to help Tom with the cooking.
22. The kidnappers threatened to kill their son if they didn’t pay the ransom.
23. Paul agreed not to answer any questions.
24. Andrew invited Cindy to go camping with them the next weekend.
25. Jessica reminded Robin to join in the contest the next morning
26. She offered to clean the room for Alvin.
27. Eve advised Tom to join the voluntary team the day after.
28. Raymond reminded Flora to buy some bread.
29. Thomas advised Lucia to see a doctor.
30. Victoria refused to work on Saturday.
31. Charles offered to help Carol do the decorating.
32. Louis agreed to share the bill with Lisa.
33. He told Carol to speak English.
34. The receptionist asked the guest to fill in the form.
35. Ethnel told me to mind my own business.
36. She warned him not to repair the computer himself.
37. He advised his girlfriend not to give herself up.
38. Harry begged Sally not to go out without him.
39. Allen wanted Jack to visit her house.
40. My wife reminded me to post the letter for her when I went out.
41. The student asked the teacher to speak more slowly.
42. The king ordered guard to take him to prison.
43. Maria asked Mark to translate that sentence into English for her.
44. Mary reminded her son to send his uncle a birthday card the day after.
45. John invited his boss to come to their weeding.
46. Bobby agreed to pay for the next round.
47. Susan warned her children not to run around the edge of the swimming pool.
48. Ron refused to go to bed.
49. Bill advised Linda to talk to her advisor.
50. The teacher ordered Tom to take that chewing gum out of his mouth immediately
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