Vocabulary and Grammar Revision for Unit 8 Tiếng Anh 10

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR REVISION FOR UNIT 8 TIẾNG ANH 10

UNIT 8: NEW WAY TO LEARN

(CÁCH MỚI ĐỂ HỌC)

PHẦN I: TỔNG KẾT TỪ VỰNG VÀ NGỮ PHÁP

A. VOCABULARY

New words	Meaning	Examples
Access /ˈækses/ (v)	Truy cập	You can easily access the Internet. Bạn có thể truy cập Internet dễ dàng.
Application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n)	ứng dụng	This device has many applications. Thiết bị này có nhiều ứng dụng
Concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ (v)	Tập trung	I can't concentrate on my work. Tôi không thể tập trung vào công việc.
Device /dɪˈvaɪs/ (n)	Thiết bị	This electronic device Is used for sending messages. Thiết bị điện tử này được dùng để gửi tin nhắn.
Digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/ (adj)	Kĩ thuật số	My brother owns a digital camera. Anh trai tôi có một cái máy ảnh kĩ thuật số.
Disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ (n)	Bất lợi, khuyết điểm	One disadvantage of living abroad is language barriers. Một bất lợi của sống ở nướç ngoài là rào cản ngôn ngữ.
Educate /ˈedʒukeɪt/ (v)	Giáo dục	He always tries to educate his son well. Anh ta luôn cố gắng giáo dục con trai tốt.
Educational /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃənl/ (adj)	thuộc giáo dục. mang tính giáo dục	Teachers can use educational I games to make lessons become more Interesting. Các giáo viên có thể sử dụng các trò chơi mang tinh giáo dục để làm cho bài học thú vị hơn.
Fingertip /ˈfɪŋɡətɪp/ (n)	đầu ngón tay	Use your fingertips to apply the cream gently. Sử dụng đầu ngón tay để thoa kem nhẹ nhàng.
Identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ (v)	nhận dạng	Some people in the accident have not been identified yet. Một vài người trong vụ tai nạn vẫn chưa được nhận dạng.
Improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ (v)	Cải thiện	He should improve his pronunciation. Anh ấy nên cải thiện phát âm của mình.
Instruction /ɪnˈstrʌkʃn/ (n)	hướng dẫn	You should give the instruction clearly. Bạn nên đưa ra hướng dẫn rõ ràng.
Native /ˈneɪtɪv/ (adj)	bản xứ	I like speaking English with native speakers. Tôi thich nói Tiếng Anh với người bản xứ.
Portable /ˈpɔːtəbl/ (adj)	xách tay, có thể mang theo	This portable computer is easy to use. Máy tinh xách tay này dễ sử dụng.
Software /ˈsɒftweə(r)/ (n)	phần mềm	You can download this software free from the Internet. Bạn có thể tải phần mềm này miễn phí trên mạng.
Syllable /ˈsɪləbl/ (n)	âm tiết	This word has three syllables. Từ này có 3 âm tiết.
Technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ (n)	công nghệ	With the advances in technology, people find it easier to keep in touch with their friends. Với sự phát triển cùa công nghệ thì con người cảm thấy dễ dàng liên hệ với bạn bè hơn.
touch screen /ˈtʌtʃ skriːn/ (n)	màn hình cảm ứng	It Is very convenient to take notn on a touch screen. Rất thuận tiện do ghi chép trên màn hình cảm ứng.
voice recognition /ˈvɔɪs rekəɡnɪʃn/ (n)	nhận dạng tiếng nói	This application uses voice recognition technology. ứng dụng này sử dụng công nghệ nhận dạng tiếng nói.

A. GRAMMAR

* RELATIVE CLAUSES (MỆNH ĐẾ QUAN HỆ)

1. Definition (Định nghĩa)

- Mệnh đề quan hệ (Relative clauses là: mệnh đề phụ dùng để giải thích rõ hơn về danh từ đứng trước nó. Mệnh đề quan hệ đứng ngay sau danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa.

E.g: The girl is Nam's girlfriend. She is sitting next to me.

The girl who is sitting next to me is Nam's girlfriend.

- Mệnh đề quan hệ thường được nói với mệnh đề chính bằng các đại từ quan hệ (relative pronoum): who whom, which, whose, that hoặc các trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverb) where, when, why

+ Who: được dùng làm chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người.

E.g: My close friend who sings very well is your brother.

+ Which: được dùng làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật.

E.g: Do you see the book which is on the table?

+ Whom: được dùng làm tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người.

E.g: The man whom I met yesterday is Hoa’s brother

+ Whose: được dùng để chhir sở hữu cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật đứng trước. Sau whose là danh từ mà nó làm sở hữu.

E.g: Do you know the girl whose mother is a famous artist?

+ That: được dùng thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật. “That” dùng để thay thế cho “who, which” trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định.

E.g: I don’t like houses which/ that are very old.

Các trường hơp nên dùng "that”

- Khi nó đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất

E.g: It is the most boring book that I have read

- Khi nó đi sau các từ: only, the first..the last

E.g: He is the first man that I have loved

- Khi danh từ phía trước chỉ người và vật

E.g: He is talking about the people and places that he visited.

- Khi nó đi sau các đại từ bất định: nobody, no one. nothing, anything, any one. anybody, any, some, someone, somebody, all...

E.g: These books are all that my grandmother left me

+ Where: là trạng từ quan hệ để thay thế cho các từ/cụm từ chỉ địa điểm, nơi chốn.

E.g:This is my hometown. I was born and grew up here.

→This is my hometown where I was born and grew up.

+ When: là trạng từ quan hệ để thay thế cho cụm tù/từ chỉ thời gian.

E.g:That was the day. I met my wife on this-day.

→ That was the day when I met my wife.

+Why: là đại từ quan hệ chỉ tý do, thường thay cho cụm for the reason; for that reason …N(reason) + WHY + s + V...

Eg: I don't know the reason. You didn't go to school for that reason.

→ I don't know the reason why you didn't go to school.

2. Classification (Phân loại)

* Mệnh đề quan hệ có hai loại: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và mệnh đề quan hệ không xác

a. Mệnh đề xác định

- Là mệnh đề được dùng để xác định danh từ đứng trước nó, cần thiết cho ý nghã của câu, không có nó câu sẽ không đủ nghĩa. Tất cả các đại từ quan hệ được sử dụng trong mệnh đề xác định.

E.g: Do you know the name of the man who came here yesterday.

=> Mệnh đề xác định không có dấu phẩy

b. Mệnh đề không xác định

- Là mệnh đề cung cấp thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật, không có nó thì câu vẫn đủ nghĩa.

E.g: Miss Hoa, who taught me English, has just got married

=> Mệnh đề không xác định có dấu phẩy

* Note:

- That không được dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.

E.g: Mr John, whom I met last week, is Miss Nga's husban

3. Omission of relative pronouns (Lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ)

Các đại từ quan hệ 'who, whom, which, that... có thể được bỏ khi:

- Làm tân ngữ và phía trước không có giới từ:

E.g: This is the house that/ which I have bought for 10 years. -> This is the house I have bought for 10 years (Đây là ngôi nhà mà tôi đã mua được 10 năm.)

* Note: Lược bỏ đại từ quan hê chỉ dùng cho mệnh đề quan hệ xác định.

PHẦN B: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BÀN

Bài 1: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.

1. She is talking about the author _________ book is one of the best-sellers this year.

A. which B. whose C. that D. who

2. He bought all the books_________are needed for the next exam.

A. that B.what C. those D. who

3. The children_________parents are famous teachers, are taught well.

A. that B. whom C. whose D. their

4. Do you know the boy_________we met at the party last week?

A. which B. whose C. where D. whom

5. The exercises which we are doing _________ very easy.

A. is B. has been C. are D. was

6. The man _________ next to me kept talking during the film, _________ really ennoyed me.

A. having sat/ that B. sitting/ which C. to sit/ what D. sitting/ who

7. Was Neil Armstrong the fisrt person _________ set foot on the moon?

A. when B. which C. who D. whom

8. This is the village in _________ my family and I have lived for over 20 years.

A. which B. that C. whom D. where

9. My mother, _________ everyone admires, is a famous teacher.

A. where B. whom C. which D. whose

10. The old building _________ is in front of my house fell down

A. of which B. which C. whose D. whom

Bài 2: Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose).

1. I This is the bank …. was robbed yesterday.

2. A boy …….. brother is in my class was in the bank at that time.

3. The man …….. robbed the bank is my old friend.

4. He wore a mask ………. made him look like Mickey Mouse.

5. He came with a friend … waited outside in the car.

6. The woman ……. gave him the money was young.

7. The bag …… contained the money was yeilow.

8. The people ……. were in the bank were very frightened.

9. A man ……… mobile was ringing did not know what to do.

10. A woman ………. daughter was crying tried to calm her.

Bài 3: Rewrite the sentences using who, whose and which.

1. A tiger is an animal. It is very strong.

→ A tiger

2. A novelist is a person. He writes novels.

→ A novelist

3. A bottle opener is a device. It opens bottles.

→ A bottle

4. The girl speaks French. Her mother writes poems.

→ The girl

5. A detective is someone. He discovers the truth about crimes.

→ A detective

Bài 4: Complete the text with relative pronoun/ adverbs.

My daughter (1)__ __ is studying English at Oxford is going on holiday. Her boyfriend Tim invited her to London (2)__ __ he bought a new house last month. She is putting all her clothes into the suitcase (3)__which__ she has just bought. Her sister, (4)__ __ has nothing better to do is watching her. The train (5)__ __ she is going to catch leaves at 11 a.m. Tim, (6)___ ___ house she is going to stay in, is a doctor too. Tim is coing for her to the station in a new car (7)__ __ his parents gave him for his birthday. His parents are coming to London too. My daughter, (8)__ __ has never met them before, is very excited about it.

Bài 5: Underline any relative pronouns that can be left out in these sentences.

1. I think that my boss is the person … I admire most.

2. We are taking the train that leaves at 6.00.

3. Have you seen the book … I left on the desk?

4. My radio, which isn’t very old, has suddenly stopped working.

5. Last week I ran into an old friend … I hadn't seen for ages.

6. The couple who met me at the bus stop took me out to dinner.

7. The bag in which the robbers put the money was found later.

8. I really like the tea … you made me this morning.

Bài 6: Rewrite each pair of sentences as one sentence using relative pronouns in the brackets.

1. We want to visit a temple. 11 opens at 7.00. (that)

→ The temple

2. A boy s bike was taken. He went to the police station. (whose)

→ The boy

3 A friend met me at the airport. He carried my suitcase. (who)

→ The friend

4. Nam cooked a meal. It was delicious. (that)

→The meal

5. The friend is staying with me. She comes from Vietnam. (who)

→ The friend

6. I found man’s wallet. He gave me a reward. (whose)

→ The man

7. I go to the shop in the centre. It is cheaper. (that)

→ The shop in the centre

8. I went to a girl’s party. She phoned me. (whose)

→ The girl

PHẦN C: BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO

Bài 7: Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose).

1. I talked to the man … car had broken down in front of the shop.

2. Mr Nick, … is a taxi driver, lives on the corner.

3. We often visit our uncle in Hanoi, … is the capital city of Vietnam.

4. This is the girl … comes from Japan.

5. That's Tim. the boy … has just arrived at the airport.

6. Thank you very much for your book … is very interesting.

7. That man, … father is a professor, forgot his umbrella.

8. The children, .. shouted in the street, are not from our school.

9. The car, … driver is a young man, is from Korea.

10. What did you do with the money … your mother lent you?

Bài 8: Choose the correct answer in the brackets.

1. A hotel is a place (which/ where) people stay when they're on holiday.

2. What's the name of the woman (who/ whose) lives In that house?

3. What do you call someone (which/ that) writes computer programs?

4. A waiter is a person (that/ whose) job is to serve customers in a restaurant.

5. Overalls are cloches (where/ which) people wear to protect their clothes when they are working.

6. Is that the shop (where/ that) you bought your new laptop?

7. He’s the man (who/ whose) son plays football for Liverpool

8. Mark didn't get the job (that/ where) he applied for.

Bài 9: Choose the correct relative pronoun or relative adverb

1. The woman __ __ is sitting at the desk is Mr. John’s secretary.

2. I cannot remember the reason __ __ he wanted us to leave.

3. Kelly, __ __ mother is a physician, is very good at biology.

4. She didn't see the snake __ __ was lying on the ground.

5. Do you know the shop __ __ Michael picked me up?

Bài 10: Combine the sentences with relative clauses. (Decide whether to use commas or not)

1. A monk is a man. The man has devoted his life to God.

2. I have one black cat. His name is Mickey.

3. A herbivore is an animal. The animal feeds upon vegetation.

4. Sue plays the piano very well. She is only 8 years old.

5. Sydney is the largest Australian city. It is not the capital of Australia.

Bài 11: Choose the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.

1. The man for (A) who the police (B) are looking (C) robbed (D) the bank last week. (who => whom)

2. Today, (A) the number of people (B) whom moved into this city (C) is almost double (D) that of twenty years ago. (whom => who)

3. They work (A) with (B) a person (C) his name (D) is John. (his => whose)

4. (A) The man (B) whom you (C) are looking for (D) living in this neighborhood. (living => lives/ is living)

5. (A) His father warned (B) him not (C) repeating (D) that mistake again. (repeating => to repeat)

6. My mother (A, will fly to Hanoi (B) that is (C) the capital city (D) of Wetnam (that => which)

7. She (A) is (B) the.most beautiful girl (C) whose I have (D) ever met. (whose => whom/that)

8. Every student (A) who (B) majors in English (C) are ready to participate (D) in this contest. (are => is vì chủ ngữ là every student)

Bài 12: Complete the sentences with relative pronouns/ adverbs.

1. Let me see the letter __ __ you have written.

2. Is there anyone__ __can help me do this?

3. Mr. Brown, __ __ is only 34, is the director of this company.

4. I know a Place ___ __roses grow in abundance.

5. It was the nurse__ __ told me to come in.

6. The teacder with __ __ we studied last year no longer teaches in our school.

7. They showed me the hospital __ __ buildings had been destroyed by US bombings.

8. We saw many soldiers and tanks __ _ were moving to the front.

Bài 13: Combine the sentences, using relative clauses.

1. Most of the people speak German. They live in Australia.

2. This bus isn't running today. It goes to Hung Yen.

3. I don't like the man. He is going out with my sister.

4. Michelangelo is one of Italy's greatest artists. He lived until he was 90.

5. Mary was staying with her friend. He has a big house in Scotland.

6. The person asked me some very difficult questions. He interviewed me.

7. Charlie Chaplin became a very rich man. He was from a poor family.

8. That bike was too expensive. He wanted to buy it.

ANSWERS KEY

Bài 1: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.

1. She is talking about the author _________ book is one of the best-sellers this year.

A. which B. whose C. that D. who

2. He bought all the books_________are needed for the next exam.

A. that B.what C. those D. who

3. The children_________parents are famous teachers, are taught well.

A. that B. whom C. whose D. their

4. Do you know the boy_________we met at the party last week?

A. which B. whose C. where D. whom

5. The exercises which we are doing _________ very easy.

A. is B. has been C. are D. was

6. The man _________ next to me kept talking during the film, _________ really ennoyed me.

A. having sat/ that B. sitting/ which C. to sit/ what D. sitting/ who

7. Was Neil Armstrong the fisrt person _________ set foot on the moon?

A. when B. which C. who D. whom

8. This is the village in _________ my family and I have lived for over 20 years.

A. which B. that C. whom D. where

9. My mother, _________ everyone admires, is a famous teacher.

A. where B. whom C. which D. whose

10. The old building _________ is in front of my house fell down

A. of which B. which C. whose D. whom

Bài 2: Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose).

1. I This is the bank which was robbed yesterday.

2. A boy whose brother is in my class was in the bank at that time.

3. The man who robbed the bank is my old friend.

4. He wore a mask which made him look like Mickey Mouse.

5. He came with a friend who waited outside in the car.

6. The woman who gave him the money was young.

7. The bag which contained the money was yeilow.

8. The people who were in the bank were very frightened.

9. A man whose mobile was ringing did not know what to do.

10. A woman whose daughter was crying tried to calm her.

Bài 3: Rewrite the sentences using who, whose and which.

1. A tiger is an animal. It is very strong.

→ A tiger is an animal which is very strong.

2. A novelist is a person. He writes novels.

→ A novelist is a person who writes novels.

3. A bottle opener is a device. It opens bottles.

→ A bottle opener is a device which opens bottles.

4. The girl speaks French. Her mother writes poems.

→ The girl whose mother writes poems speaks French.

5. A detective is someone. He discovers the truth about crimes.

→ A detective is someone who discovers the truth about crimes.

Bài 4: Complete the text with relative pronoun/ adverbs.

My daughter (1)__who__ is studying English at Oxford is going on holiday. Her boyfriend Tim invited her to London (2)__where__ he bought a new house last month. She is putting all her clothes into the suitcase (3)__which__ she has just bought. Her sister, (4)__who__ has nothing better to do is watching her. The train (5)__which__ she is going to catch leaves at 11 a.m. Tim, (6)___whose___ house she is going to stay in, is a doctor too. Tim is coing for her to the station in a new car (7)__which__ his parents gave him for his birthday. His parents are coming to London too. My daughter, (8)__who__ has never met them before, is very excited about it.

Bài 5: Underline any relative pronouns that can be left out in these sentences.

1. I think that my boss is the person whom I admire most.

2. We are taking the train that leaves at 6.00.

3. Have you seen the book that I left on the desk?

4. My radio, which isn’t very old, has suddenly stopped working.

5. Last week I ran into an old friend whom I hadn't seen for ages.

6. The couple who met me at the bus stop took me out to dinner.

7. The bag in which the robbers put the money was found later.

8. I really like the tea which you made me this morning.

Bài 6: Rewrite each pair of sentences as one sentence using relative pronouns in the brackets.

1. We want to visit a temple. 11 opens at 7.00. (that)

→ The temple that we want to visit opens at 7.00.

2. A boy s bike was taken. He went to the police station. (whose)

→ The boy whose bike was taken went to the police station.

3 A friend met me at the airport. He carried my suitcase. (who)

→ The friend who met me at the airport carried my suitcase.

4. Nam cooked a meal. It was delicious. (that)

→The meal that Nam cooked was delicious.

5. The friend is staying with me. She comes from Vietnam. (who)

→ The friend who is staying with me comes from Vietnam.

6. I found man’s wallet. He gave me a reward. (whose)

→ The man whose wallet I found gave me a reward.

7. I go to the shop in the centre. It is cheaper. (that)

→ The shop in the centre that I go to is cheaper.

8. I went to a girl’s party. She phoned me. (whose)

→ The girl whose party I went to phoned me.

BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO

Bài 7: Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose).

1. I talked to the man whose car had broken down in front of the shop.

2. Mr Nick, who is a taxi driver, lives on the corner.

3. We often visit our uncle in Hanoi, which is the capital city of Vietnam.

4. This is the girl who comes from Japan.

5. That's Tim. the boy who has just arrived at the airport.

6. Thank you very much for your book which is very interesting.

7. That man, whose father is a professor, forgot his umbrella.

8. The children, who shouted in the street, are not from our school.

9. The car, whose driver is a young man, is from Korea.

10. What did you do with the money which your mother lent you?

Bài 8: Choose the correct answer in the brackets.

1. A hotel is a place (which/ where) people stay when they're on holiday.

2. What's the name of the woman (who/ whose) lives In that house?

3. What do you call someone (which/ that) writes computer programs?

4. A waiter is a person (that/ whose) job is to serve customers in a restaurant.

5. Overalls are cloches (where/ which) people wear to protect their clothes when they are working.

6. Is that the shop (where/ that) you bought your new laptop?

7. He’s the man (who/ whose) son plays football for Liverpool

8. Mark didn't get the job (that/ where) he applied for.

Bài 9: Choose the correct relative pronoun or relative adverb

1. The woman __who__ is sitting at the desk is Mr. John’s secretary.

2. I cannot remember the reason __why__ he wanted us to leave.

3. Kelly, __whose__ mother is a physician, is very good at biology.

4. She didn't see the snake __which__ was lying on the ground.

5. Do you know the shop __where__ Michael picked me up?

Bài 10: Combine the sentences with relative clauses. (Decide whether to use commas or not)

1. A monk is a man. The man has devoted his life to God.

A monk ,s a man who has devoted his life to God.

2. I have one black cat. His name is Mickey.

I have one black cat, whose name is Mickey.

3. A herbivore is an animal. The animal feeds upon vegetation.

A herbivore is an animal that feeds upon vegetation.

4. Sue plays the piano very well. She is only 8 years old.

Sue, who is only 8 years old, plays the piano very well.

5. Sydney is the largest Australian city. It is not the capital of Australia.

Sydney, which is not the capital of Australia, is the largest Australian city.