Tổng hợp bài tập nâng cao chuyên sâu ôn tập Unit 3, 4 Tiếng Anh 10

TỔNG HỢP BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO CHUYÊN SÂU ÔN TẬP UNIT 3, 4 TIẾNG ANH 10

UNIT 3: MUSIC

A. VOCABULARY

New words and Meaning

Example

ability/ə.ˈbɪ.lə.ti/(n)

khả năng

- I have some douts about her ability to do the job.

- Tôi nghi ngờ về khả năng làm việc của cô ta.

achievement /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ (n.)

thành tựu, thành tích, thành quả

- It was a great achievement for such a young singer.

- Đó là thành tựu rất lớn đối với một ca sĩ trẻ như vậy.

air /eə(r)/(v):

phát thanh/ hình

- The show is expected to air for the first time next month.

- Chương trình đó được mong đợi lên sóng lần đầu tiên vào tháng tới.

biography /baɪˈɒɡrəfi/ (n):

tiểu sử

- The singer's biography can be easily found on the Internet.

- Tiểu sử của ca sĩ đó có thể dễ dàng được tìm thấy trên mạng.

contest /ˈkɒntest/ (n):

cuộc thi

- He won second place in the singing contest last year.

- Anh ấy đã giành giải Nhì trong cuộc thi ca hát đó vào năm ngoái.

contestant /kənˈtestənt/ (n.)

thí sinh

- The contestants are practicing very hard for the show tonight.

- Các thí sinh đang luyện tập rất chăm chỉ cho buổi biểu diễn tối nay.

conquer /ˈkɒŋkə(r)/ (v.)

chinh phục, chiến thắng

- My idol has conquered a national music contest.

- Thần tượng của tôi đã chiến thắng một cuộc thi âm nhạc cấp quốc gia.

dangdut /dangdut/ (n):

một loại nhạc dân gian của In-đô-nê-xi-a

- Dangdut is a kind of Indonesian popular music.

- Dangdut là 1 loại nhạc thịnh hành của Indonesia.

debut album /ˈdeɪbjuː - ˈælbəm/ (np)

tập nhạc tuyển đầu tay

- The female singer's debut album has been a great success.

- Album đầu tay của nữ ca sĩ đó đã thành công rực rỡ.

exceptional / ɪk.ˈsep.ʃn̩əl/ (adj)

khác thường, hiếm có

- At his age of four he showed his exceptional talent.

- Năm lên bốn tuổi, anh đã thể hiện tài năng đặc biệt của mình.

fan /fæn/ (n)

người hâm mộ

- He received letters from fans.

- Anh ấy nhận được thư từ người hâm mộ.

idol /ˈaɪdl/ (n):

thần tượng

- He is my idol.

- Anh ấy là thần tượng của tôi.

inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃənl/ (adj.)

truyền cảm hứng

- He gave an inspirational speech yesterday.

- Hôm qua anh ta đã có một bài phát biểu đầy cảm hứng.

modest / ˈmɒ.dɪst /(adj)

khiêm tốn, giản dị

- He is very modest about his achievements.

- Anh ấy rất khiêm tốn về những thành tựu của mình.

nominate / ˈnɒ.mɪ.neɪt/ (v)

đề cử, chỉ định

- He was nominated as best actor.

- Anh được đề cử là diễn viên xuất sắc nhất.

judge /dʒʌdʒ/ (n)

ban giám khảo

- The judges' decision is final.

- Quyết định của ban giám khảo là quyết định cuối cùng.

passionate / ˈpæ.ʃə.nət / (adj)

đam mê

- He has a passionate interest in music.

- Anh ấy có niềm đam mê âm nhạc.

phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/ (n)

hiện tượng

- Interestingly, the song has quickly become a phenomenon among the young.

- Thật thú vị khi ca khúc đó nhanh chóng trở thành hiện tượng với giới trẻ.

pop /pɒp/ (n)

nhạc bình dân, nhạc trẻ

- I like pop music.

- Tôi thích nhạc pop.

prize / praɪz/ (n)

giải thưởng

- My sister won the first prize in the singing contest.

- Chị gái tôi đã giành giải nhất trong cuộc thi hát.

rhythm / ˈrɪ.ðəm/ (n)

nhịp điệu

- I like music with a slow rhythm.

- Tôi thích âm nhạc với nhịp điệu chậm.

talented/ ˈtæ.lən.tɪd/(adj)

tài năng

- He is a talented young musician.

- Anh ấy là một nhạc sĩ trẻ tài năng.

B. GRAMMAR

I. TO-INFINITIVE AND BARE INFINITIVE (ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU CÓ TO VÀ KHÔNG CÓ TO)

1. Infinitives with "to" (Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”)

Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to” được dùng để:

- Làm chủ ngữ trong câu

E.g: To become a teacher is her dream. ( Trở thành một giáo viên là giấc mơ của cô ấy)

- Làm tân ngữ của động từ

E.g: It's raining, so she decides to bring an umbrella. (Trời đang mưa, nên cô quyết định mang theo ô.)

- Làm tân ngữ của tính từ

E.g: I'm glad to see you here. (Tôi rất vui khi thấy bạn ở đây.)

- Chỉ mục đích:

E.g: Is there anything to eat? (Có gì để ăn ko?)

- Dùng sau các từ để hỏi "wh-": who, what, when, how... nhưng thường không dùng sau "why"

E.g: I don't know what to do. (Tôi không biết phải làm gì.)

- Đứng sau các từ 'the first': "the second': "the last, "the only".

E.g: Nam is the first person in my class to receive the scholarship. (Nam là người đầu tiên trong lớp tôi nhận được học bổng)

- Đứng trước các cấu trúc:

a. It takes/took + O + thời gian + to + V-inf (Ai đó mất bao lâu để....)

E.g: It took me 2 weeks to find a suitable job. (Tôi mất 2 tuần để tìm một công việc phù hợp.)

b. S + be + adj + to V-inf

E.g: It's interesting to play volleyball together. (Thật thú vị khi chơi bóng chuyền cùng nhau.)

c. S + V + too +adj/adv + to + Vela (quá...để...)

E.g: It's too late to say goodbye. (Đã quá trễ để nói lời tạm biệt.)

d. S + V + adj/adv + enough + to + V-inf (đủ ....để...)

E.g: He speaks English well enough to communicate with foreigners. (Anh ấy nói tiếng Anh đủ tốt để giao tiếp với người nước ngoài.)

e. I + think/ thought/ believe/ find + it + adj + to + V-inf (tôi nghĩ...để...)

E.g: I find it difficult to learn to play the piano. (Tôi thấy khó học chơi piano.)

- Dùng sau một số động từ. Ta có thể thêm "not" trước cụm "to +V-inf" để chỉ nghĩa phủ định: afford, agree, appear, arrange, attempt, begin, care, choose, consent, determine, happen, hesitate, hope, intend, pretend, propose, promise, refuse, love, offer, start, swear, ...

E.g: All citizens agree to build a water park at the center of the city.

(Tất cả công dân đồng ý xây dựng một công viên nước ở trung tâm thành phố.)

- Dùng sau một số động từ có tân ngữ đi kèm: ask, advise, allow, bear, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, hate, compel, intend, order, permit, like, invite, request, tell, trouble, want, prefer, warn, wish, teach...

Form: S + V + 0 + to + V-inf

E.g: The doctor advises me to eat more vegetables. (Bác sĩ khuyên tôi nên ăn nhiều rau xanh.)

- Dùng sau một số tính từ chỉ cảm xúc con người: able, unable, delighted, proud, ashamed, afraid, glad, anxious, surprised, pleased, easy, amused, annoyed, happy, ready...

E.g: Tam is able to speak Spanish fluently. (Tâm có thể nói tiếng Tây Ban Nha trôi chảy.)

2. Bare infinitives/ Infinitives without “to” (Động từ nguyên mẫu không có "to")

Chúng ta sử dụng động từ nguyên mẫu không có "to" khi:

- Đứng sau các động từ khuyết thiếu: can, could, should, may, might, will, shall, would, must...

E.g: This child can sing a folk song in German. (Đứa trẻ này có thể hát một bài hát dân gian bằng tiếng Đức.)

- Đứng sau "had better","would rather/sooner" hay "rather than"

E.g: You'd better study harder in order to pass the exam. (Bạn nên học tập chăm chỉ hơn để vượt qua kỳ thi.)

- Đứng sau "make': "let" Make/ Let + O + V (bare -inf)

E.g: Anna let her daughters play outside. (Anna để con gái chơi bên ngoài.)

- Đứng sau các động từ chỉ tri giác, thể hiện hành động đã hoàn tất hoặc biết được toàn bộ sự việc đã xảy ra: hear, smell, watch, notice, feel...

E.g: I heard someone scream at midnight. (Tôi nghe ai đó hét vào lúc nửa đêm.)

C. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN

Bài 1: Put the verbs into the correct form (infinitive with or without to).

1. I can speak__ English.

2. We have to do ___our homework.

3. You must stay _ at home.

4. I will help __ you.

5. He cannot see ___us.

6. My little sister learns to speak _ English.

7. We want to go __ to the cinema.

8. You should ask _ your parents.

9. I'd like to have __a dog.

10. May I come __ in?

Bài 2: Rewrite the following sentences using an infinitive.

Example: - It is no use trying to convince her of this.

- It is no use for us to try to convince her of this.

1. It won't be any good talking to her about it.

1. It won't be any good for me to talk to her about it.

2. It wouldn't be much good complaining to the minister about it.

2. It wouldn't be much good for us to complain to the minister about it.

3. It is no fun having so many children to look after.

3. It is no fun for me to have so many children to look after.

4. Will it be any good my seeing the boss about it?

4. Will it be any good for me to see the boss about it?

5. It is just silly throwing away your chances like that.

5. It is just silly for you to throw away your chances like that.

Bài 3: Match the words in the column A with the words in the column B to make a meaningful sentence.

e-1. My teacher forces me

c-2. Kate encourages others

f-3. Kelly can't get her suitcase

d-4. John's brother had his friend

a-5. I always help my grandmother

b-6. Mark hates it when his mom tells him

a. do chores around her house.

b. to do the dishes after dinner.

c. to try new things with her.

d. help him with his homework.

e. to do my homework.

f. to close properly.

Bài 4: Put the verbs into the correct form.

1. Could you please stop (make) making (stop Ving: ngừng làm gì) so much noise?

2. He refused (lend) to lend (refuse to V: từ chối làm gì) me any money.

3. Don't let him (try) try (let Smb V: để ai làm gì) this dangerous game!

4. I don't enjoy (write) writing (enjoy V-ing: thích làm gì) letters.

5. Miss Smith was very strict. No one dared (talk) to talk/ talk (dare to V/ V bare-inf: dám làm gì) during her lessons.

6. I've arranged (play) to play (arrange to V: sắp xếp làm gì) tennis tomorrow afternoon.

7. Tom made Mary (cry) cry (make Smb V: khiến ai làm gì) yesterday.

8. Have you finished (wash) Washing (finish Ving: hoàn thành việc gì) your hair yet?

9. Sally offered (look) to look (offer to V: đề nghị giúp làm gì) after our children while we were out.

10. He admitted (steal) stealing (admit V-ing: thừa nhận làm gì) our car.

11. She doesn't want (go) to go (want to V: muốn làm gì) home now.

12. We are not allowed (talk) to talk (be allowed to V: được phép làm gì) in the library.

13. Would you mind (answer) answering (mind V-ing: phiền làm gì) me some questions?

14. They watched their children (play) play/ playing (watch Smb V/ Ving: xem ai làm gì) football.

15. He begged her ( not/tell) not to tell (beg Smb (not) to V: cầu xin/ khẩn cầu ai (không) làm gì) his mother.

Bài 5: Choose the correct answer in the bracket.

1. My teacher (made / convinced) me to practice for two hours every night.

2. Are you sure I can't (convince / make) you to come with us?

3. Sometimes late at night, my mother (gets / lets) me go out.

4. Emily and Daisy are always (having / persuading) us to go shopping with them.

5. My teacher is going to (get / have) me take a special math class next month.

6. Even though Mike doesn't like it, his father always (forces / has) him to go to music lessons after school.

Bài 6: Rearrange the jumbled words to make sentences.

1. to do / that / again. / for me / would be / It / awful

1. It would be awful for me to do that again.

2. ten years / the championship. / to win / took / the team / It

2. It took the team ten years to win the championship.

3. dollars / lunch. / to buy / It / four / costs

3. It costs four dollars to buy lunch.

4. information / allows / to get /The Internet / us / anywhere. / from

4. The Internet allows us to get information from anywhere.

5. me / to give / my teacher / less / My mother / persuaded / homework.

5. My mother persuaded my teacher to give me less homework.

Bài 7: Complete the passage with words from the box.

wake up seems try excited home in the middle

My daily life 1 seems to be pretty boring. Every day, I go to school to listen to my teachers talk about the same thing. After school, I get 2 excited to meet my friends so we can go play soccer. I then go 3 home to eat dinner. After that I try to finish my homework, but I usually stop 5 in the middle to take a nap. I then 6 wake up to finish my homework before going back to sleep for the night.

II. COMPOUND SENTENCES (CÂU GHÉP)

1. Định nghĩa:

Câu ghép là câu chứa từ 2 mệnh đề độc lập trở lên, diễn tả các ý có tầm quan trọng ngang nhau. Hay nói cách khác, câu ghép được thành lập bởi các câu đơn được nối với nhau bởi các liên từ.

Conjuntions: các liên từ được dùng trong câu ghép là:

• F= for • A= and • N= nor

• B= but • O= or • Y= yet • S= so

Cách ghi nhớ: FANBOYS

E.g: I stayed at home during my holiday, for I had to work.

(Tôi ở nhà trong kỳ nghỉ, vì tôi phải làm việc.)

Tim likes playing football, and he enjoys cooking.

(Tim thích chơi bóng đá và anh ấy thích nấu ăn.)

He didn't go to school, nor did he stay at home.

(Anh ta không đi học, cũng không ở nhà.)

Sue studied hard, but she didn't pass the exam.

(Sue học chăm chỉ, nhưng cô ấy không vượt qua kỳ thi.)

We will go shopping, or we will go to the cinema.

(Chúng tôi sẽ đi mua sắm, hoặc chúng tôi sẽ đi xem phim.)

Jane did very well on her job interview, yet she didn't get the job. (Jane đã làm rất tốt trong cuộc phỏng vấn việc làm của mình, nhưng cô ấy không nhận được công việc.)

She needed to buy something, so she decided to go shopping. (Cô cần mua thứ gì đó, vì vậy cô quyết định đi mua sắm.)

2. Cách thành lập câu ghép

Cách 1: IC + (,)+ CC + IC

CC: coordinating conjunction/ coordinator: liên từ đẳng lập;

IC: independent clause: mệnh đề độc lập

E.g: I was ill yesterday, so I stayed at home. (so là liên từ đẳng lập)

Cách 2: IC + (;) + IC

Chúng ta sử dụng dấu chấm phẩy (semicolon) để liên kết 2 mệnh đề trong câu ghép khi 2 mệnh đề có liên quan chặt chẽ đến nhau về mặt ý nghĩa)

E.g: Lan was very hungry this morning; she ate a lot.

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG

Bài 8: Decide if each sentence is a simple sentence or a compound sentence.

1. He had been horseback riding before. (simple)

2. Mark felt a little nervous on a horse, but he would never admit it. (compound)

3. He discovered that riding was a lot of fun, and he couldn't wait to tell his friends about it. (compound)

4. There don't seem to be many bears in the national park this year. . (simple)

5. Suddenly, she pointed out the car window towards some trees. . (simple)

Bài 9: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.

1. The ducklings are dark, (but/ or) the adult ducks are white.

2. The ducklings were playing (but/ or) they were learning, too.

3. The ducklings ate a lot, (but/ and) they grew fast.

4. I brought bread with me, (but/ and) I fed the ducks.

5. Maybe they knew me, (and/ or) maybe they just liked the food I fed them.

Bài 10: Use FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to write one compound sentence using the two simple sentences.

1. Mark drove to visit his friend. They went out for dinner.

- Show a sequence of events

1. Mark drove to visit his friend, and they went out for dinner.

2. Linda thinks she should go to school. She wants to get qualifications for a new profession.

- Provide a reason

2. Linda thinks she should go to school, for she wants to get qualifications for a new profession.

3. David invested a lot of money in the business. The business went bankrupt.

- Show an unexpected result

3. David invested a lot of money in the business, but the business went bankrupt.

4. John didn't understand the homework assignment. He asked the teacher for help.

- Show an action taken based on a reason

4. John didn't understand the homework assignment, so he asked the teacher for help.

5. The students didn't prepare for the test.They didn't realize how important the test was.

- Give a reason

5. The students didn't prepare for the test, nor did they realize how important the test was.

6. Sue thinks she should stay home and relax. She also thinks she should go on vacation.

- Show additional information

6. Sue thinks she should stay home and relax, or she should go on vacation.

7. The doctors looked at the x-rays. They decided to operate on the patient.

- Show an action taken based on a reason

7. The doctors looked at the x-rays, so they decided to operate on the patient.

8. We went out on the town. We came home late.

- Show a sequence of events

8. We went out on the town, and we came home late.

9. Tim flew to London to visit his Uncle. He also wanted to visit the National Museum.

- Show addition

9. Tim flew to London to visit his Uncle, and he wanted to visit the National Museum.

10. It is sunny. It is very cold.

- Show a contrast

10. It is sunny, but it is very cold.

D. BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO

Bài 11: Choose the correct answer in the bracket.

1. I can't imagine Lucy (going/ to go) by bike. going (imagine Ving)

2. He agreed (buy/ to buy) a new car. to buy (agree to V)

3. It is easy (answer/ to answer) this question. to answer (be adj to V)

4. The man asked me how (getting/ to get) to the airport. to get (how to V)

5. I look forward to (see/ seeing) you at the weekend. seeing (look forward to Ving)

6. Are you thinking of (visit/ visiting) London? visiting (giới từ + Ving)

7. We decided (run/ to run) through the forest. to run (decide to V)

8. The teacher expected Linda (study/ to study) hard. to study (expect Smb to V)

9. She doesn't mind (working/ to work) the night shift. working (mind Ving)

10. I learned (riding/ to ride) the bike at the age of 5. to ride (learn to V)

Bài 12: Choose the best answer to complete the sentence.

1. It was very dangerous. We couldn't risk _______her alone.

A. leave B. leaving C. to leave D. left

2. I had the roof _______yesterday.

A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. repair

3. We let our son_______ up late at weekends.

A. staying B. stay C. to stay D. stayed

4. The children were eager_______ their parents.

A. to see B. see C. seeing D. saw

5. He'd rather_______ at home.

A. to stay B. staying C. stayed D. stay

6. Nam is very humorous. His joke makes me _______a lot.

A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. laughed

7. They saw him _______the agreement.

A. sign B. to sign C. to signing D. signed

8. It's necessary for her _______back home before 10 p.m.

A. coming B. come C. came D. to come

9. They would _______ go to Ho Chi Minh City by plane than travel by train.

A. like B. rather C. prefer D. better

10.The boss allows _______home.

A. us to stay B. us stay C. us staying D. us to staying

Bài 13: Put the verbs into the correct form.

1. I can't think of (go) going to visit her in hospital without (buy) buying some flowers.

1 - (giới từ + Ving)

2. Don't hesitate (ask) to ask me if you have any questions.

2, (Hesitate + to V: do dự, ngập ngừng khi làm gì)

3. It was very kind of you (show) to show me the way to the post office.

3, (It + be + adj (kind/ helpful/ good,'.....) of smb to do smt)

4. I am looking forward to (see) seeing him again.

4. (Look forward to Ving: mong đợi/mong chờ làm gì)

5. I intend (study) to study English to understand the cultures of foreign countries.

5, (Intend to V: ý định làm gì)

6. She still plans on (marry) marrying him even after he refused (buy) to buy her an engagement ring

6. - (giới từ + Ving; Refuse -4- to V: từ chối làm gì)

7. I cannot resist (eat) eating fish when I am in England.

7. (Can't resist +Ving: không thể cưỡng lại làm gì)

8. She enjoys (go) going to parties and (dance) dancing all the night long.

8. - (Enjoy +Ving: thích làm gì)

9. I stopped (live) living in London when I realized it was time for me (move) to move.

9. - (Stop +Ving: ngừng làm gì đó ; It + be + time +for O + toV.. đến lúc làm gì)

10. Don't forget (turn) to turn off the light before you leave the house.

10. (Forget + to V: quên sẽ làm gì)

Bài 14: Use fanboys (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to write one compound sentence using the two simple sentences.

1. I have studied French for many years. As a result, my French-speaking friends can chat easily with me now.

1. I have studied French for many years, so my French-speaking friends can chat easily with me now.

2. You are quite intelligent. However, you don't think before you act.

2. You are quite intelligent, but you don't think before you act.

3. My friends Jane and Jennifer have just moved into a new home.They've made many changes in its appearance.

3. My friends Jane and Jennifer have just moved into a new home, and they've made many changes in its appearance.

4. Sue could study music next year. She could study drama instead.

4 Sue could study music next year, or she could study drama (instead).

5. Tom watches the news. Bill makes news.

5. Tom watches the news, but Bill makes news

UNIT 4: FOR A BETTER COMMUNITY

A. VOCABULARY

New words and Meaning

Example

advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ (n): quảng cáo, rao vặt

- I saw your advertisement in the Youth Newspaper yesterday.

- Tôi thấy quảng cáo của các bạn trên tờ Thanh Niên hôm qua.

announcement /əˈnaʊnsmənt/ (n): thông báo

- This announcement is very important.

- Thông báo này rất quan trọng.

apply /əˈplaɪ/(v):

nộp đơn xin việc

- When I saw the job advertisement on the Internet, I applied and was chosen.

- Khi tôi thấy quảng cáo việc làm trên Internet, tôi đã nộp đơn và được chọn.

balance /ˈbæləns/ (v):

làm cho cân bằng

- I try to balance work and family commitments.

- Tôi cố gắng cân bằng các cam kết công việc và gia đình.

benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ (n.)

lợi ích

- Doing volunteer work has a lot of benefits.

- Làm tình nguyện có rất nhiều lợi ích.

concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ (a):

lo lắng, quan tâm

- Many young people are concerned about community problems.

- Nhiều người trẻ quan tâm đến các vấn đề cộng đồng

creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ (a): sáng tạo

- He is a creative designer.

- Anh ấy là một nhà thiết kế sáng tạo.

dedicated /ˈdedɪkeɪtɪd/ (a):

tận tâm, tận tụy

- She is the most dedicated doctor in our hospital.

- Cô ấy là bác sĩ tận tụy nhất trong bệnh viện của chúng ta

development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ (n): sự phát triển

- He made a great contribution to the development of our country.

- Ông đã có những đóng góp to lớn cho sự phát triển của đất nước chúng ta.

disadvantaged ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒd/(a)

thiệt thòi

- A new educational program has been set up to help disadvantaged children.

- Một chương trình giáo dục mới đã được thiết lập để giúp trẻ em thiệt thòi.

donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ (v):

cho, tặng, quyên góp

- A young businessman donated a lot of money to the charity.

- Một doanh nhân trẻ đã quyên góp rất nhiều tiền cho tổ chức từ thiện.

excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/(a):

phấn khởi, phấn khích

- He is getting excited about his holiday.

- Anh ấy đang phấn khích về kỳ nghỉ của mình.

experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/(n.)

kinh nghiệm

- Do you have any experience in teaching children?

- Bạn có kinh nghiệm dạy trẻ con không?

facility /fəˈsɪləti/(n.)

cơ sở vật chất, trang thiết bị

- Schools and hospitals are necessary facilities.

- Trường học và bệnh viện là những cơ sở vật chất cần thiết.

fortunate /ˈfɔːtʃənət/ (a):

may mắn

- He's very fortunate to have found such a nice house.

- Anh ấy rất may mắn khi tìm được một ngôi nhà đẹp như vậy.

handicapped /ˈhændikæpt/ (a):

tàn tật, khuyết tật

- We should help handicapped children.

- Chúng ta nên giúp trẻ em khuyết tật.

helpful /ˈhelpfl/(adj.)

hữu ích, nhiệt tình

- The host family was very helpful.

- Gia đình chủ nhà rất nhiệt tình.

helpless /ˈhelpləs/(adj.)

bất lực, vô vọng

- They are helpless victims of war.

- Họ là những nạn nhân bất lực của chiến tranh.

invalid /ɪnˈvælɪd/ (n):

người tàn tật, người khuyết tật, thương binh

- War invalids and the families of martyrs should be helped a lot.

- Thương binh và gia đình liệt sĩ cần được giúp đỡ rất nhiều.

martyr /ˈmɑːtə(r)/ (n):

liệt sỹ

- There are many volunteer activities such as helping old people and taking care of the families of martyrs.

- Có nhiều hoạt động tình nguyện như giúp đỡ người già và chăm sóc gia đình liệt sĩ.

meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ (a):

có ý nghĩa

- His job is very meaningful.

- Công việc của anh ấy rất có ý nghĩa.

narrow-minded /ˈnærəʊ ˈmaɪndɪd/(adj.)

hẹp hòi, nhỏ nhen, nông cạn

- He had been narrow-minded before he took this volunteer trip.

- Cậu ấy từng là người nông cạn trước khi tham gia chuyến đi tình nguyện này.

non-profit /nɒn ˈprɒfɪt/(adj.)

phi lợi nhuận

- We are a non-profit charity organisation.

- Chúng tôi là một tổ chức từ thiện phi lợi nhuận.

obvious /ˈɒbviəs/ (a): rõ ràng, hiển nhiên

- It's obvious that my sister doesn't like him.

- Rõ ràng là em gái tôi không thích anh ấy.

passionate /ˈpæʃənət/(adj.)

đam mê, nồng nhiệt

- I am a passionate and creative person.

Tôi là một người giàu đam mê và sáng tạo.

patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ (a):

kiên trì, kiên nhẫn

- Be patient with her - she's very young.

Hãy kiên nhẫn với cô ấy - cô ấy còn rất trẻ.

position /pəˈzɪʃn/(n.)

vị trí

- I'm writing to apply for the position of a volunteer guide.

Tôi viết thư để ứng tuyển vị trí hướng dẫn viên tình nguyện.

priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ (n.)

ưu tiên

- Protecting the environment is our top priority.

Bảo vệ môi trường là ưu tiên hàng đầu của chúng ta.

remote area /rɪˈməʊt ˈeəriə/(n. phr.)

vùng sâu vùng xa

- Our program aims at helping poor households in this remote area.

Chương trình của chúng tôi nhằm vào việc giúp đỡ các hộ nghèo ở vùng sâu vùng xa này.

volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/(v.)

tình nguyện

- A group of students volunteer to clean this area every Saturday.

Một nhóm học sinh tình nguyện dọn dẹp khu vực này vào thứ Bảy hàng tuần.

B. GRAMMAR

I. THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE (THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN)

1. Cấu trúc (Form)

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
S + V (past) (+ O)	S + did not/ didn't + V(bare-inf) (+ O)	Did + S + V(bare-inf) (+ O)?
They went to the cinema last night.	They didn't go to the cinema last night.	Did they go to the cinema last night?

2. Cách dùng (Use)

- Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ (finished actions or events)

E.g: I saw him at the airport yesterday. (Tôi thấy anh ta ở sân bay ngày hôm qua.)

My aunt sent me a letter two days ago. (Dì tôi gửi thư cho tôi hai ngày trước.)

- Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại trong quá khứ (repeated actions)

E.g: I played soccer three times a week when I was at school.

(Tôi chơi bóng đá ba lần một tuần khi tôi còn ở trường)

She went to Paris twice last year. (Cô đã đến Paris hai lần vào năm ngoái.)

- Diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ (past habits)

E.g: She visited her parents every Sunday. (Cô đến thăm cha mẹ cô mỗi chủ nhật.)

We often went swimming every afternoon. (Chúng tôi thường đi bơi mỗi buổi chiều.)

- Diễn tả tình trạng hay tình huống trong quá khứ

E.g: Did you have a car when you were young?

- Diễn tả một chuỗi hành động xảy ra liên tiếp nhau trong (sequences of actions)

E.g: He ran to the car, jumped in and raced off into the night.

3. Các cụm từ thời gian (Time phrases)

Một số cụm từ thời gian thường được dùng trong thì quá khứ đơn:

yesterday, last night/week/month/ year, etc.,

two days/ weeks/months, etc. ago, in 2000,

at that moment, then,

suddenly, when

4. Quy tắc thêm "ed" vào sau động từ.

*) Đối với động từ có quy tắc

- Thông thường ta thêm "ed" vào sau động từ.

E.g: wash —> washed

return —> returned

remember —> remembered

Tuy nhiên, cần lưu ý một số điểm sau khi thêm “ed”:

+ Nếu động từ tận cùng là "e" thì ta chỉ cần thêm "d".

E.g: like —> liked

love --> loved

decide —> decided

+ Nếu động từ có 1 âm tiết tận cùng là 1 phụ âm mà trước phụ âm là 1 nguyên âm thì ta gấp đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm "-ed”

E.g: stop —> stopped tap —> tapped

Note: commit —> committed prefer —> preferred

(Động từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2)

- Nếu động từ tận cùng là "y" mà trước y là nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, i) thì ta thêm "ed".

E.g: play —> played stay —> stayed

- Nếu động từ tận cùng là "y" mà trước y là phụ âm ta đổi "y" thành "i” rồi thêm “ed".

E.g: study —> studied cry —> cried

*) Đối với động từ bất quy tắc

Với các động từ bất quy tắc, động từ biến đổi hình thức thành dạng quá khứ trong cột 2 của Bảng động từ Bất quy tắc trong Tiếng Anh (V2)

E.g: go —> went; say —> said;

do —> did; forget —> forgot;

buy —> bought

5. Quy tắc phát âm động từ có đuôi "ed"

- Khi động từ có tận cùng là phụ âm /t/ hoặc /d/ thì ta phát âm là /id/

E.g: Wanted / ˈwɒn.tɪd /; Needed /ˈniː.dɪd/

- Khi động từ có tận cùng là phụ âm vô thanh /p/, /f/, /k/, /s/, /.1"/, /tf/ thì ta phát âm là /t/

E.g: Stopped / stɒpt /: Laughed / lɑːft /;

Cooked / kʊkt /; Watched / wɒtʃt /

- Khi động từ có tận cùng là phụ âm và nguyên âm còn lại thì ta phát âm là /d/

E.g: Played / ˈpleɪd/ ; Opened /ˈəʊ.pənd/

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN

Bài 1: Write the past forms of the irregular verbs.

Infinitive

Simple past

Infinitive

Simple past

Meet

Drive

Speak

Put

Write

Sing

Sit

met

drove

spoke

put

wrote

sang

did

sat

Stand

Run

Feel

Cost

Catch

Feed

Forget

stood

ran

felt

cost

caught

fed

forgot

Bài 2: Put the verbs into the simple past tense.

1. Last year she (go)_ went to Da Nang City on holiday.

2. It (be) was terrible.

3. I (visit) visited lots of beautiful places. I (be) was with two friends of mine.

4. In the mornings they (walk) walked in the streets of Hanoi.

5. In the evenings we (go) went to the cinema.

6. The weather (be) was strangely fine.

7. It (not / rain) didn't rain/ did not rain a lot.

8. We (see) saw some beautiful rainbows.

9. Where (you/ spend) did you spend your last holiday?

10. It was sunny, so I (take) took off my coat.

11. The film wasn't good. I (not enjoy) didn't enjoy/ did not enjoy it very much.

12. I knew Sally was very busy, so I (not disturb) didn't disturb/ did not disturb her.

13. My father was very tired, so he (come) came back home early.

14. The bed wasn't comfortable. I (not sleep) didn't sleep/ did not sleep very well.

15. My sister wasn't hungry, so she (not eat) didn't eat/ did not eat anything.

16. We went to our parents' house but they (not be) weren't/ were not at home.

17. It was a funny story but nobody (laugh) laughed.

18. The window was open and a bird (fly) flew into my room.

19. My husband was in a hurry, so he (not have) didn't have/ did not have time to phone you.

20. The bags (be) were very heavy.

Bài 3: Make questions for the underlined part of the sentence.

1. She clicked the mouse button.

What did she click?

2. Mr. David robbed a bank.

Who robbed a bank?

3. The house was built five years ago.

What was built five years ago?

4. The students respected their teacher.

Who did the students respect?

5. They welcomed the new student warmly.

How did they welcome the new student?

Bài 4: Complete the sentence with the verbs in the box. Put the verbs into past simple tense.

buy	drink	sell	throw
catch	fall	spend	win
cost	hurt	teach	write

1. Mozart wrote more than 600 pieces of music.

2. My mother_ taught _me to learn to ride a bike.

3. They couldn't afford to keep their car, so they sold it.

4. I_ drank the water very fast because I was very thirsty.

5. Tom and I played badminton yesterday. He is much better than me, so he won easily.

6. John fell down the stairs last night and hurt his leg.

7. Tim threw the ball to his sister, who caught it.

8. Mary spent a lot of money this morning. She bought a dress. It cost 50 dollars.

Bài 5: Fill in the blank with ONE suitable word from the box in the past simple tense

go get start break stay buy

spend find want see have leave

Two years ago we (1)_ had a holiday in Scotland. We (2) drove there from London, but our car (3) broke down on the motorway and we (4) spent the first night in Birmingham. When we (5) got to Edinburgh we couldn't find a good hotel - they were all full. We didn't know what to do, but in the end we (6) found a bed and breakfast and (7) stayed there for the week. We (8) saw the castle, went to the Arts Festival, and we (9) bought a lot of souvenirs. We (10) wanted to go to Loch Ness but we didn't have much time and it was quite far away. The weather was good, but it (11) _ started the day we (12) left.

Bài 6: Fill in the blank with only ONE suitable word from the box in the correct form.

be (x2) watch have ago start

eat go yesterday decide want

study last have not be sleep

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Tom went to library for his physics homework assignment (1 last Saturday. He (2) studied physics all day. He (3) went/got out of the library at 5 o'clock. Then, he got on a bus to go home. He met one of his old friends on the bus. He didn't (4) want to go home directly. They (5) went to a cafe together. He (6) had/spent really great time with him. He got home at six. The dinner (7) wasn't ready so he (8) watched TV. For dinner, he ate spaghetti and salad, but he didn't (9) eat/have the delicious dessert. He (10) was on diet. He went to his bedroom and (11) started _listening to some music. He finished his book three days (12) ago and he bought a new book (13) yesterday. However, he didn't feel like reading it. He (14) was really tired, and (15) decided/wanted to go to bed early. He (16) slept all night and finished the day.

II. THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)

1. Cấu trúc (Form)

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
S + was/ were + V-ing (+O)	S + was/ were + not + V-ing (+O)	Was/ Were + S +V-ing (+O)?
*My brother was reading books at this time last night.*	*My brother wasn't reading books at this time last night.*	*Was your brother reading books at this time last night?*

2. Cách dùng (Use)

- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ (actions in progress at a point of time in the past)

E.g: At 9 o'clock yesterday, I was doing the homework.

(Vào 9 giờ ngày hôm qua, tôi đã làm bài tập về nhà)

- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một khoảng thời gian trong quá khứ (actions in progress over a period of time)

E.g: My husband was working hard all day. (Chồng tôi đã làm việc chăm chỉ cả ngày.)

*) Note: Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian như: all day, all the morning, ... thường được dùng trong trường hợp này

- Diễn tả tình huống/ sự việc tạm thời hoặc đang diễn ra trong quá khứ (temporary or changing situations in the past)

E.g: At the time, I was working for a bank in this city. (a temporary situation)

I was becoming bored with the job, so I decided to change. (a changing situation)

- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra thì một hành động khác xen vào trong quá khứ (an action was in progress when another action happened/ interrupted it)

E.g: We were having dinner when someone knocked at/on the door. (Chúng tôi ăn tối khi ai đó gõ cửa / vào cửa..)

- Diễn tả hai hay nhiều hành động cùng đồng thời xảy ra trong quá khứ (two or more actions in progress at the same time in the past)

E.g: While I was cooking dinner, my husband was playing computer games.

(Trong khi tôi đang nấu bữa tối, chồng tôi chơi trò chơi điện tử.)

*) Note: Chúng ta không thường dùng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn đối với các động từ chỉ tình trạng, sở hữu, cảm xúc, tri giác như: be, cost, belong, own, have, feel, hear, hate, like, etc

3. Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian (Time phrases)

Các cụm từ chỉ thời gian thường sử dụng trong thì này như: while, as, when, meanwhile, at that time, all the morning/ afternoon/ day, etc.

BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG

Bài 7: Write the - ing form of the following verbs.

Infinitive

V- ing

1. Share

2. Tidy

3. Shut

4. Dial

5. Lie

sharing

tidying

shutting

dialling

lying

Bài 8: Write sentences in the past continuous tense.

1. the snowman / melt / in the sun .

1. The snowman was melting in the sun.

2. they / explore / a new territory .

2. They were exploring a new territory.

3. the boss/ print out / a document.

3. The boss was printing out a document.

4. the boy/ not / concentrate / on the task .

4. The boy was not concentrating on the task.

5. Michael/ not / practise / on the piano.

5. Michael was not practising on the piano.

Bài 9: Make questions for the underlined part of the sentence.

1. At six o'clock, Mike was reading the document.

1. What time was Mike reading the document?

2. Sarah was waiting for him in the park.

2. Where was Sarah waiting for him?

3. The students were talking about American culture.

3. What were the students talking about?

4. The secretary was writing a letter.

4. Who was writing a letter?

5. Lisa was looking for her necklace.

5. What was Lisa looking for?

Bài 10: Put the verbs into the correct form (the past continuous tense).

1. When I phoned my friends, they (play) were playing computer games.

2. Yesterday at six my sister (prepare) was preparing dinner.

3. The children (play) were playing in the garden when it began to rain.

4. I (practice) was practicing the guitar when she came home.

5. They (not / cycle) weren't cycling all day.

6. While Tom (work) was working/ in his room, his friends (swim) were swimming in the pool.

7. I tried to tell my mother the truth but she (not/ listen) wasn't listening

8. What (you / do) yesterday were you doing _?

Bài 11: Complete the text with the verbs in the box using the pastcontinuous tense.

smoke bark hold walk wear

eat sleep drink walk read

It was exactly nine o'clock. Outside, it was raining. We (1) were reading our books in the living room, and our 9-year-old twins (2) were sleeping quietly in their bedroom. My husband (3) was drinking a cup of tea, and my father (4) was smoking a cigarette. Our 16-year-old daughter (5) was walking towards the door. She (6) was wearing her dark blue raincoat and she (7) was holding an umbrella. She (8) was eating a chocolate bar. Our cats (9) were walking beside her, and our dog (10) was barkingloudly. It was a normal evening. Suddenly, two men jumped through the window!

Bài 12: Circle the correct answer in the bracket.

1. I_____ - I didn't hear you come in . (was sleeping/ slept)

2. I_____ to see her twice, but she wasn't home. (was coming/ came)

3. What_____ ? - I was watching TV. (did you do/ were you doing)

4. He was a character who _____from the rich and gave to the poor. (stole/ was stealing)

5. Hey, did you talk to her? Yes, I _____to her. (was talking/ talked)

6. I _____ home very late last night. (came/ was coming)

7. When_____ a cold? (did you have/ were you having)

8. _____a good time in Paris? Yes, I had a blast! (Were you having/ Did you have)

9. We _____ breakfast when she walked into the room. (had/ were having)

10. Last month I decided to buy a new car, and today I finally _____it. (bought/ was buying)

Bài 13: Complete the text using the correct form of the verb in the brackets in either the past simple or past continuous.

This morning (1. be) was terrible! I (2. wake up) woke up late and I (3. rush) was rushing to get to school on time when I (4. remember) remembered that I (5. forget) forgot my homework at Tom's house last night. We (6. study) were studying together when my mom (7. call) called and (8. tell) told me to come home for dinner. Then, while I (9. brush) was brushing my teeth, I (10. realize) realized that I had a test in English that I didn't study for! I (11. be) was so upset that I (12. get) got toothpaste on my shirt and had to change my clothes! I (13. miss) missed the bus and had to walk to school. It (14. be) was awful!

BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO

Bài 14: Write the words in the correct order.

1. I/ the bus/ caught/ yesterday/ to work/.

1. I caught the bus to work yesterday.

2. it was raining/because/ didn't/ she/ for a walk/ got

2. She didn't go for a walk because it was raining.

3. I got/TV/ when/ watching/ my/ brother/ was/ home/.

3. My brother was watching TV when I got home.

4. break/ your arm/ you/ how/ did/?

4. How did you break your arm?

5. last summer/ in a beautiful village/ spent/ we/.

5. We spent last summer in a beautiful village.

6. last night/ Sally/ what/ was/ wearing/ at the party/?

6. What was Sally wearing at the party last night?

7. a loud party/ while/ my neighbors/ I/ were having/ to study,/ was trying/.

7. While I was trying to study, my neighbors were having a loud party.

8. you/ to the cinema/ last night/ did/ go/?

8. Did you go to the cinema last night?

Bài 15: Choose the correct answer in the bracket.

1. Last night I_______on my thesis and it took me a while to realise that my phone was ringing. (work/ was working)

2. When you _______I was in a meeting so I couldn't answer your call. (called/ were calling)

3. David can never agree with Tim. They_______ . (always argue/ are always arguing)

4. Why did you disagree with me at the meeting? ____________ to make me look incompetent? (Did you try/ Were you trying)

5. Daisy_______ the buffet while I was looking for the drinks. (prepared/ was preparing)

6. Tim _______ home when the accident happened. (walked/ was walking)

7. I _______ to work, even when it rained. (was always walking/ always walked)

8. Kelly _______ her speech when I walked in. (was finishing/ finished)

Bài 16: Put the verbs into the past simple or past continuous tense.

1. I used my time well while I (wait) was waiting for the train - I wrote some emails.

2. I (not/work) wasn’t working when my boss walked in my office. I was on Facebook.

3. I saw a car crash when I (wait) was waiting for the taxi.

4. Tom (have) had long hair and a beard when he was at university.

5. It started raining while I (drive) was driving to work.

6. What (you/do) were you doing this time last year?

7. I (not/call) didn't call you at 10 o'clock as arranged because I was having a meeting.

8. I (still/sleep) was still sleeping when my husband left for work this morning.

Bài 17: Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense, past simple or past continuous. Use the passive form if necessary.

1. When she heard the phone ring, she (stop) stopped reading to answer it.

2. My mother (read) was reading so she didn't see me walking past.

3. When the accident happened, thousands of people (pass) were passing through the airport.

4. I (have) had English lessons every week from the age of four onwards.

5. They decided to leave the beach because it (get) was getting dark and they wanted to get home while there was still some light.

6. Kate already (think) Was Kate already thinking of leaving university before she failed her first year exams?

7. Since your house had a pool, you (swim) did you swim every day?

8. The disaster (attract) attracted hundreds of people from the country to the city.

9. Sorry I couldn't come on Monday, but I (work) was working on my project.

10. The national park (create) was created to protect wildlife.

Bài 18: Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense.

Last night, while I was doing my homework, Hoa (1. call) called . She said she (2. call) was calling me on her cell phone from her biology classroom. I asked her if she (3.wait) was waiting for class, but she said that the professor was at the front of the hall lecturing while she (4.talk) was talking to me. I couldn't believe she (5. make) was making a phone call during the lecture. I asked what was going on.

She said her biology professor was so boring that several of the students (6. sleep, actually) were actually sleeping in class. Some of the students (7. talk) were talking about their plans for the weekend and the student next to her (8. draw) was drawing a picture of a horse. When Hoa (9. tell) told me she was not satisfied with the class, I (10. mention) mentioned that my biology professor was quite good and (11. suggest) suggested that she switch to my class.

While we were talking, I (12. hear) heard her professor yell, "Miss, are you making a phone call?" Suddenly, the line went dead. I (13. hang) hung up the phone and went to the kitchen to make dinner. As 1 (14. cut) was cutting vegetables for a salad, the phone rang once again. It (15. in class. be) was Hoa, but this time she wasn't sitting in the class.

Bài 19: Read the story and answer the following questions.

A DISASTROUS DINNER

Last Friday, Mrs. Anderson planned to have a delicious dinner. She bought a T-bone steak and some cream and apples for an apple pie. When she came home from the shops she put her shopping on the table. While she was setting the table, her two pets sat underneath it and watched her. Then she went to the kitchen to make the pastry for the pie. She was a little forgetful so she didn't realize the steak, cream and apples were still on the table. While she was making the pastry, the dog jumped on a chair and looked longingly at the steak. At last it took the steak in its mouth and jumped off the chair, just as Mrs. Anderson was coming back into the dining room. Mrs. Anderson screamed, but the dog ran into the garden. She ran after the dog. While she was chasing the dog, the cat jumped on the table and started drinking the cream. Mrs. Anderson didn't manage to catch the dog, and she came back into the dining room. When she saw the cat, she shrieked, and the cat got such a fright that it jumped a meter into the air, and leapt out the window. Mrs. Anderson threw her broom at the cat, but she missed, and broke the window. At the same time she overbalanced and put her hand in the cream, spilling it all over the tablecloth. Poor Mrs. Anderson - she had no dinner, only a dirty tablecloth and a broken window.

Answer these questions about the story. Answer in complete sentences.

1. What did Mrs. Anderson plan?

1. She planned to have a delicious dinner.

2. Why did she buy cream and apples?

2. She bought them for an apple pie.

3. When did her pets watch her?

3. Her pets watched her while she was setting the table.

4. Where did she leave the steak?

4. She left the steak on the table

5. When did the dog jump on the chair?

5. It jumped on the chair while she was making the pastry.

6. How did the dog look at the steak?

6. The dog looked at it longingly.

7. When did the dog jump off the chair?

7. The dog jumped off the chair as/ when she was coming into the dining room.

8. Where did the dog go?

8. It ran into the garden.

9. What was she doing when the cat jumped on the table?

9. She was chasing the dog.

10. What did Mrs. Anderson do when she saw the cat?

10. She shrieked when she saw the cat..

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Tổng hợp bài tập nâng cao chuyên sâu ôn tập Unit 3, 4 Tiếng Anh 10