TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA
THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN TRONG TIẾNG ANH
1. LÝ THUYẾT
a. Cấu trúc
* Với động từ thường
Khẳng định: S + V_ed + O
Phủ định: S + DID+ NOT + V + O
Nghi vấn: DID + S+ V+ O ?
* Với tobe
Khẳng định: S + WAS/WERE + O
Phủ định: S+ WAS/ WERE + NOT + O
Nghi vấn: WAS/WERE + S+ O?
* Từ nhận biết: yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, las month, last year, last night.
b. Cách dùng:
- Thì quá khứ đơn diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ với thời gian xác định.
Ex: She went home last Friday.
- Thì quá khứ đơn diễn đạt các hành động xảy ra liên tiếp trong quá khứ
Ex: She turned on her computer, read the message on Facebook and answered it.
- Thì quá khứ đơn diễn đạt một hành động xen vào một hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ
Ex: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.
- Thì quá khứ đơn dùng trong câu điều kiện loại II
Ex: If I had a million USD, I would buy that car. ‘
* Lưu ý
* Thêm “-ed” vào sau động từ:
+ Động từ tận cùng là “e” -> ta chỉ cần cộng thêm “d”.
Ex: type – typed/ smile – smiled/ agree – agreed
+ Động từ có MỘT âm tiết, tận cùng là MỘT phụ âm, trước phụ âm là MỘT nguyên âm => ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm “-ed”.
Ex: stop – stopped/ shop – shopped/ tap – tapped
+ Động từ tận cùng là “y”:
– Nếu trước “y” là MỘT nguyên âm (a,e,i,o,u) ta cộng thêm “ed”.
Ex: play – played/ stay – stayed
– Nếu trước “y” là phụ âm (còn lại ) ta đổi “y” thành “i + ed”.
Ex: study – studied/ cry – cried
* Một số động từ bất qui tắc không thêm “ed”.
Có một số động từ khi sử dụng ở thì quá khứ không theo qui tắc thêm “ed”. Những động từ này ta cần học thuộc.
Ví dụ: go – went/ get – got / see – saw/ buy – bought.
2. BÀI TẬP
Bài 1. Chia động từ ở thì quá khứ đơn
1. Yesterday, I (go)______ to the restaurant with a client.
2. We (drive) ______ around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.
3. When we (arrive) ______ at the restaurant, the place (be) ______ full.
4. The waitress (ask) ______ us if we (have) ______ reservations.
5. I (say), "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6. The waitress (tell)______ us to come back in two hours.
7. My client and I slowly (walk) ______ back to the car.
8. Then we (see) ______ a small grocery store.
9. We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) ______ some sandwiches.
10. That (be) ______ better than waiting for two hours.
Đáp án Bài 1
1. Yesterday, I went to the restaurant with a client.
2. We drove around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.
3. When we arrived at the restaurant, the place was full.
4. The waitress asked us if we had reservations.
5. I said, "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6. The waitress told us to come back in two hours.
7. My client and I slowly walked back to the car.
8. Then we saw a small grocery store.
9. We stopped in the grocery store and bought some sandwiches.
10. That was better than waiting for two hours.
Bài 2. Dùng từ gợi ý viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh ở thì Quá khứ đơn
1. I/ go swimming/ yesterday.
=> ________________________________
2. Mrs. Nhung/ wash/ the dishes.
=> ________________________________
3. my mother/ go shopping/ with/ friends/ in/ park.
=> ________________________________
4. Lan/ cook/ chicken noodles/ dinner.
=> ________________________________
5. Nam/ I/ study/ hard/ last weekend.
=> ________________________________
6. my father/ play/ golf/ yesterday.
=> ________________________________
7. last night/ Phong/listen/ music/ for two hours.
=> ________________________________
8. they/ have/ nice/ weekend.
=> ________________________________
9. she/ go/ supermarket yesterday.
=> ________________________________
10. We/ not go/ school last week.
=> ________________________________
Đáp án Bài 2
1 - I went swimming yesterday.
2 - Mrs. Nhung washes the dishes.
3 - My mother went shopping with her friends in the park.
4 - Lan cooked chicken noodles for dinner.
5 - Nam and studied hard last week.
6 - My father played golf yesterday.
7 - Last night, Phong listened to music for two hours.
8 - The had a nice weekend.
9 - She went to the supermarket yesterday.
10 - We didn't go to school last week.
Bài 3: Hoàn thành đoạn văn và trả lời câu hỏi
Yesterday (be).......... Sunday, Nam (get)...............up at six. He (do) ........... his morning exercises. He (take) ...............a shower, (comb).............. hair, and then he (have) .............. breakfast with his parents. Nam (eat)............ a bowl of noodles and (drink) ........a glass of milk for his breakfast. After breakfast, he (help) .............. Mom clean the table. After that, he (brush).......... his teeth, (put).......... on clean clothes, and (go)............ to his grandparents' house. He (have) .............. lunch with his grandparents. He (return) to his house at three o'clock. He (do).............. his homework. He (eat).......... dinner at 6. 30. After dinner, his parents (take).......... him to the movie theater. It (be)...............a very interesting film. They (come) .............. back home at 9. 30. Nam (go)................... to bed at ten o'clock.
* Câu hỏi
1. What day was yesterday? .................................................................................
2. What time did Nam get up? ..............................................................................
3. What did he do after breakfast? .........................................................................
4. Who did he have lunch with? ...........................................................................
5. What time did he have dinner? ..........................................................................
6. What time did Nam go to bed? ........................................................................
Đáp án Bài 3
1 - was;
2 - got;
3 - did;
4 - took;
5 - combed;
6 - had;
7 - ate;
8 - drank;
9 - helped;
10 - brushed;
11 - put;
12 - went;
13 - had;
14 - returned;
15 - did;
16 - ate;
17 - took;
18 - was;
19 - came;
20 - went;
Trả lơi câu hỏi
1 - It was Sunday.
2 - He got up at six.
3 - He helped his mother clean the table.
4 - He had lunch with his grandparents.
5 - He had dinner at 6.30.
6 - He went to bed at ten o'clock.
Bài 4: Chia động từ trong ngoặc để hoàn thành những câu sau
1. I (eat)___________ dinner at six o’clock yesterday.
2. A: ___________ Helen (drive)___________ to work? – B: Yes, she ___________.
3. My neighbor (buy)___________ a new car last week.
4. They (go)___________ to Italy on their last summer holiday.
5. A: ___________ they (swim)___________ at the beach? – B: No, they __________.
6. My family and I (see)___________ a comedy movie last night.
7. First, we (do)___________ exercise, and then we (drink)___________ some water.
8. Suddenly, the animal jumped and (bite)___________ my hand.
9. What time (do)___________ you (get up)___________ this morning?
10. The Wright brothers (fly)___________ the first airplane in 1903.
11. I think I (hear)___________ a strange sound outside the door one minute ago.
12. When I was ten years old, I (break)___________ my arm. It really (hurt) __________.
13. The police (catch)___________ all three of the bank robbers last week.
14. How many times (do)___________ you (read)___________ that book?
15. Unfortunately, I (forget)___________ to (bring)___________ my money.
Đáp án Bài 4
1. ate
2. Did / drive / did
3. bought
4. went
5. Did / swim / didn’t
6. saw
7. did / drank
8. bit
9. did / get up
10. flew
11. heard
12. broke / hurt
13. caught
14. did / read
15. forgot / bring
Bài 5 : Chuyển những câu dưới đây từ hiện tại đơn sang quá khứ đơn
1. He goes to the swimming pool because he likes swimming.
2. They have dinner at nine o´clock.
3. Helen eats too many sweets.
4. I buy the newspaper in the shop.
5. We get up at eight o´clock and go to school
6. Does she buy the newspaper in the shop over there?
7. Do they do their homework in the evening?
8. Do they have a good holiday?
9. Do they find any animal in the forest?
10. Is it dark when she gets up in the morning?
Đáp án Bài 5
1. He went to the swimming pool because he liked swimming.
2. They had dinner at nine o´clock.
3. Helen ate too many sweets.
4. I bought the newspaper in the shop.
5. We got up at eight o´clock and went to school.
6. Did she buy the newspaper in the shop over there?
7. Did they do their homework in the evening?
8. Did they have a good holiday?
9. Did they find any animal in the forest?
10. Was it dark when she got up in the morning?
Bài 6: Chia động từ ở thì quá khứ đơn trong đoạn văn sau
On Friday, the children ___ (talk) about a day out together in the country. The next morning, they ___ (go) to the country with their two dogs and ___ (play) together. Ben and Dave ___ (have) some kites. Some time later the dogs (be) not there. So they ___ (call) them and ____ (look) for them in the forest. After half an hour the children ____ (find) them and ___ (take) them back. Charlie ___ (be) very happy to see them again. At lunch time Nick ___ (go) to the bikes and ___ (fetch) the basket with some meat sandwiches. Then they ___ (play) football. Nick and Dave ____ (win). In the evening they ___ (ride) home.
Đáp án Bài 6
1. talk
2. went
3. played
4. had
5. were
6. called
7. looked
8. found
9. took
10. was
11. went
12. fetched
13. played
14. won
15. rode
Bài 7: Chuyển những câu sau sang câu phủ định và nghi vấn
1. Nam wrote an essay in Literature class this morning.
2. I watched TV yesterday morning.
3. Nam and you were in the English club last Tuesday
4. They ate noodles two hours ago.
5. We always had a nice time on Christmas holiday in the past.
6. My father decorated the Christmas tree.
7. She bought a new dress yesterday.
8. They were late for school.
9. Mr.Tam took his children to the museum last Sunday.
10. Hoa made a cushion for her armchair.
Đáp án bài 7
1. Nam didn’t write an essay in Literature class this morning. – Did Nam write an essay in Literature class this morning?
2. I didn’t watch TV yesterday morning. – Did I watch TV yesterday morning?
3. Nam and you were not in the English club last Tuesday – Were Nam and you in the English club last Tuesday?
4. They didn’t eat noodles two hours ago. – Did they eat noodles two hours ago?
5. We always didn’t have a nice time on Christmas holiday in the past. – Did we always have a nice time on Christmas holiday in the past?
6. My father didn’t decorate the Christmas tree. – Did my father decorate the Christmas tree?
7. She didn’t buy a new dress yesterday. – Did she buy a new dress yesterday?
8. They were not late for school. – Were they late for school?
9. Mr.Tam didn’t take his children to the museum last Sunday. – Did Mr.Tam take his children to the museum last Sunday?
10. Hoa didn’t make a cushion for her armchair. – Did Hoa make a cushion for her armchair?
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