LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2
1. Conditional sentences type 2 (Câu điều kiện loại 2)
Khái niệm:
Câu điều kiện loại 2 dùng để diễn tả sự việc hay điều kiện “không thể” xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. Và thường được biết đến là câu điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại. Điều kiện chỉ là một giả thiết, một ước muốn trái ngược với hiện tại.
1.1. Form.
| IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If) | MAIN CLAUSE (Mệnh đề chính) |
| If +S + V-ed/2 If + S + didn’t + V (nguyên mẫu) If + S + were | S + would/ could/ might + V(infinitive) |
| S + wouldn’t/ couldn’t +V (infinitive) | |
Eg 1 If I became rich , I would spend all my time travelling.
Nếu tôi giàu, tôi sẽ dành tất cả thời gian để đi du lịch.
1.2. Usage
- Câu điều kiện loại 2 là câu điều kiện không có thật thường dùng để nói lên sự tưởng tượng của người nói. (Điều kiện không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai).
If I were you, I would buy that bike.
Nếu tôi là bạn tôi sẽ mua chiếc xe đạp đó.
Chú ý Trong mệnh đề không có thật ở hiệntại, chúng ta có thể dùng were thay cho was trong tất cả các ngôi trong mệnh đề If.
Eg If I were you, I would study English hard.
Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ học Tiếng Anh chăm chỉ hơn.
2. EXERCISES
2.1. Question I. Find the word which has different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. wanted B. washed C. worked D. stopped
2. A. mention B. question C. action D. education
3. A. who B. when C. where D. what
4. A. out B. round C. about D. would
5. A. there B. thank C. thirsty D. youth
6. A. worked B. naked C. liked D. looked
Đáp án
1A 2B 3A 4D 5A 6B
2.2. Question II. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D
1. If I ………….….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.
A. have/ will buy B. have/ would buy C. had/ will buy D. had/ would buy.
2. If I ……………you, I …………………….do that.
A. am/ will B. were/would C. were/ will D. had been/ would.
3. If I were offered the job, I think I ………………………….…. it.
A. take B. will take C. would take D. would have taken.
4. I would be very surprised if he…………………….…………..
A. refuses B. refused C. had refused D. would refuse.
5. Many people would be out of work if that factory………..down.
A. closes B. had closed C. closed D. would close.
6. If she sold her car, she ……………………..… much money.
A. gets B. would get C. will get D. would have got.
7. They would be disappointed if we………………………………….
A. hadn’t come B. wouldn’t come C. don’t come D. didn’t come.
8. Would John be angry if I ……………..…. ……his bicycle without asking?
A. take B. took C. had taken D. would take.
9. She ………………….….terribly upset if I lost this ring.
A. will be B. would be C. were D. had been.
10. If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.
A. would walk B. walks C. had walked D. walked.
11. What would happen if you ……………..to work tomorrow?
A. don’t go B. didn’t go C. won’t go D. wouldn’t go.
12. We’ll get wet if we ……………………………….out.
A. go B. did go C. went D. had gone.
13. If I go shopping, I …………………….…some food.
A. Buy B. will buy C. would buy D. would have bought.
14. If I find it, I ……………………..………you.
A. will tell B. would tell C. had told D. told.
15. What would you do if you……………a million dollars?
A. would win B. win C. had won D. won.
16. If we took the 6: 30 train, we………………………………too early.
A. would arrived B. arrived C. will arrived D. would arrive.
17. You won’t pass the examination……………you study more.
A. as long as B. unless C. if D. whether.
18. If I were in your place, I ……………………….a trip to England.
A. will make B. had made C. made. D. would make.
19. If I …………………..…….. you , I’d save some of your lottery winning.
A. be B. were C. am D. was
20. If I had enough money, I …………………… abroad to improve my English.
A. will go B. should go C. would go D. should have go to
21. If it ………………... convenient, let’s go out for a drink tonight.
A. be B. was C. were D. is
22. If you ……………..…. time, please write to me.
A. have B. have had C. had D. has
23. If you had the chance, ……………………………… you go finishing?
A. did B. would C. may D. do
24. Trees won’t grow ……………………... there is enough water.
A. if B. when C. unless D. as
25. If you stay up late the previous night, you ………. sleepy the next morning.
A. feel B. to feel C. feels D. will feel
26. If Peter …………………, Sarah will be sad because she wants to meet him very much
A. comes B. do not come C. does not come D. will come
27. If you…………………………Tom , tell him I have a message for him.
A. will meet B. would meet C. meet D. met
28. If you …………too hot during the night , turn down the central heating.
A. will feel B. felt C. feel D. feels.
29. If you ……………….……with your dictionary, I’d like to borrow it.
A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. are finishing.
Đáp án
| 1C | 2B | 3C | 4B | 5C |
| 6B | 7D | 8B | 9B | 10D |
| 11B | 12A | 13B | 14A | 15D |
| 16A | 17B | 18D | 19B | 20C |
| 21D | 22A | 23B | 24C | 25D |
| 26A | 27C | 28C | 29A |
2.3. Question III. Give the correct form of the following verbs:
1. Nam (go) _________ to school by bicycle every day.
2. When I(come)_________ home from work, my mother was cooking dinner.
3.They (play)_________________football at the moment.
4. If you (study)_________harder, you will pass the exam.
5.I wish he (not leave) _________________ here
6.He (live) __________________in Australia for 10 years.
7.Ba enjoys (play)_________________ football in the morning.
8. My house (build)__________________ in 2004.
9. If the weather gets worse, we (not go) ________________ to the beach.
10.I wish I (live) ________________ near my school.
11. My brother usually (go) _______ to school by bike every day.
12. Last night, my father (watch) ______________ TV
13.I wish I (know) ______________her address
14. My father enjoys (watch) _______________ television in the evenings.
15.I wish I (be) ________________ taller.
Đáp án
| 1. goes | 2. came | 3. are playing |
| 4. study | 5. Didn’t leave | 6. has lived |
| 7. playing | 8. Was built | 9. Won’t go |
| 10. lived | 11. goes | 12. watched |
| 13. knew | 14. watching | 15. were |
2.4. Question IV. Supply the correct verb tense.
1. If I (have) ________________ a typewriter, I could type it myself.
2. You could make much progress if you (attend) ________________ class regularly.
3.If I (know) ________________ his telephone number, I would give it to you.
4. If you are kind to me, I (be) _______________ good to you.
5. He (come) _______________ if you waited.
6. If he (study) ________________ harder, he can pass an exam.
7. She may be late if she (not hurry) ________________.
8.What (you do) ________________ if you got fat ?
9. If you (ring) _______________ the bell, the servant would come.
10. If it (not, rain) _______________ a lot, the rice crop wouldn’t grow.
11.If today (be) _______________ Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work.
12. We lost the match. If you (play) _______________ for us, we (win) _______________.
13. They would not be paid unless they (do) _______________ their work well.
14. If I became very rich, I (build) _______________ a hospital for the poor.
15. If he (give) _______________ up smoking, as his doctor orders, he will be soon well again.
16. You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) _______________.
17.If I (have) ________________ a typewriter, I could type it myself.
18. You could make much progress if you (attend) ________________ class regularly.
19. If I (know) ________________ his telephone number, I would give it to you.
20. If he (study) ________________ harder, he can pass an exam.
Đáp án
| 1. had | 2. attended | 3. knew | 4. will be |
| 5. came | 6. studies | 7. doesn’t hurry | 8. would you do |
| 9. rang | 10. didn’t rain | 11. was | 12. played - would win |
| 13. do | 14. would build | 15. gives | 16. improves |
| 17. had | 18. attended | 19. knew | 20. studies |
2.5. Question V. Choose the underlined word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that needs correcting.
1. He said he would go to England next week.
A B C D
2. Nam wishes he can speak English fluently.
A B C D
3. Giang has stayed on her uncle's farm for last week.
A B C D
4. This is the first time I visited a famous place in Hanoi.
A B C D
Đáp án
| 1. D (next week => the following week) | 3. D (for => since) |
| 2. C (can speak => could speak) | 3. C (visited => has visited) |
2.6. Question 6: Chọn câu trả lời đúng
1. If I __________the same problem you had as a child, I might not have succeeded in life as well as you have.
a. have B. would have C. had had D. should have
2. I __________you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital.
a. would have visited B. visited C. had visited D. visit
3. __________more help, I would call my neighbor.
a. needed B. should I need C. I have needed D. I should need
4. __________then what I know yesterday, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.
a. had I known B. did I know C. If I know D. If I would know
5. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people __________the same language?
a. spoke B. speak C. had spoken D. will speak
6. If you can give me one good reason for your acting like this, __________this incident again.
a. I will never mention B. I never mention
c. will I never mention D. I don’t mention
7. If I had known you were asleep, I __________so much noise when I came in.
a. didn’t make B. wouldn’t have made
c. won’t make D. don’t make
8. Unless you __________all of my questions, I can’t do anything to help you.
a. answered B. answer C. would answer D. are answering
9. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I __________it.
a. would have never believed B. don’t believe
c. hadn’t believed D. can’t believe
10. If Jake __________to go on the trip, would you have gone?
a. doesn’t agree B. didn’t agree C. hadn’t agreed D. wouldn’t agree
11. J: “John went to the hospital alone”,
K: “If __________,I would have gone with him”.
a. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me
12. If you __________, I would have brought my friends over to your house yesterday to watch T.V, but I didn’t want to bother you.
a. had studied B-studied C. hadn’t studied D. didn’t study
13. Peter: “Did you need help with your Math last night?”.
Mary: “If I had needed, I __________you”.
a. would call B. called C. would have called D. will call
14. If someone __________ in to the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”
a. comes B. came C. come D. should come
15. “Here’s my phone number”.
“Thanks. I‘ll give you a call if I __________some help tomorrow”
Đáp án
1.C
2.A
3.B
4.A
5.A
6.A
7.B
8.B
9.A
10.C
11.B
12.C
13.C
14.A
15.B
2.7. Question 7. Rewrite the following sentences with the words given:
1. My father started to work in this factory last week
My father has…………………………………………
2. He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
He has …………………………………………………………………………
3. He learnt English when he was 18
He has ………………………………………………………………………………
4. They have worked in that factory for five years.
They began ……………………………………………………………..
5. We have learnt English for four years.
We started...........................................................................................................
6. I saw her 10 years ago.
I haven't...............................................................................................................
7. They started checking the machines two hours ago
They have ……………………………………………………………………………
8. They started building the bridge two years ago
They have……………………………………………………………………………..
9. Nam started learning English in 1998
Nam has…………………………………………………………………………….
10. Khanh started playing computer games in 2002
Khanh has……………………………………………………………………………..
Đáp án
1. My father has worked in this company for a week
2. He has lived in Ho Chi Minh city since he was 2
3. He has learned English since he was 18
4. They began to work in this factory five years old
5. We started learning English five years ago
6. I haven’t seen her for 10 years
7. They have checked the machines for two hours
8. They have built the bridge for two years
9. Nam has learnt English since 1998
10. Khanh has played computer games since 2002
2.8. Question VIII. Rewrite sentences without changing meaning of the original ones.
1. We last went to Spain three years ago.
=> It is__________________________________________________________________
2. We arrived in Budapest two days ago. (FOR)
=>We___________________________________________________________ two days.
3. I have visited the Stone Forest once before. (SECOND)
=> This is the___________________________________________________ the Stone Forest.
4. Dung is very fond of travelling. (KEEN)
=>Dung is_______________________________________________________________
Đáp án
1. It is 3 years since we last went to Spain
2. We have arrived in Budapest for two days
3. This is the second time I have visited the Stone Forest
4. Dung is keen on travelling
Trên đây là toàn bộ nội dung Lý thuyết và bài tập Câu điều kiện loại 2. Để xem thêm nhiều tài liệu tham khảo hữu ích khác các em chọn chức năng xem online hoặc đăng nhập vào trang Chúng tôi để tải tài liệu về máy tính.
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Mời các em tham khảo các tài liệu có liên quan:
- Thì tương lai hoàn thành
- Thì Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
- Cách dùng đặc biệt của much, many, lot of và a lot of
Chúc các em học tập tốt!
