CÁCH CHUYỂN TỪ THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
SANG THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI
1. Lý thuyết
Dạng 1. This is the first time I have seen him (Đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta)
=> I have never seen him before. (Tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây)
Mẫu này có dạng:
Đây là lần đầu tiên ... làm chuyện đó
=> ...chưa bao giờ làm chuyện đó trước đây.
The first time: lần đầu tiên
Never ...before : chưa bao giờ trước đây
Dạng 2. I started / began studying English 3 years ago. (Tôi bắt đầu học Tiếng Anh cách đây 3 năm)
=> I have studied English for 3 years. (Tôi học Tiếng Anh được 3 năm )
Mẫu này có dạng:
...bắt đầu làm gì đó cách đây + khoảng thời gian
=> .. .đã làm chuyện đó for + khoảng thời gian
Dạng 3. I last saw him when I was a student. (Lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là khi tôi là sinh viên)
=> I haven't seen him since I was a student. (Tôi đã không gặp anh ta từ khi tôi là sinh viên)
Mẫu này có dạng:
Lần cuối cùng làm chuyện đó là khi ....
=> …không làm chuyện đó từ khi ....
Last: lần cuối
Since: từ khi
Dạng 4. The last time she went out with him was two years ago. (Lần cuối cô ta đi chơi với anh ta cách đây 2 năm)
=> She hasn't gone out with him for two years. (Cô ta đã không đi chơi với anh ta đã 2 năm nay )
Dạng 5. It's ten years since I last met him. (Đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta lần cuối)
=> I haven't met him for ten years. (Tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi)
Mẫu này có dạng:
Đã …khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối
=> …không làm việc đó được + khoảng thời gian
Dạng 6. When did you buy it? (Bạn đã mua nó khi nào?)
=> How long have you bought it? (Bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu?)
Mẫu này có dạng:
When: thì dùng quá khứ đơn
How long: thì dùng hiện tại hoàn thành
2. Bài tập
Bài 1. Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:
1) This is the first time he went abroad.
=> He hasn't.................................................................................................
2) She started driving 1 month ago.
=> She has....................................................................................................
3) We began eating when it started to rain.
=> We have...................................................................................................
4) I last had my hair cut when I left her.
=> I haven't....................................................................................................
5) The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.
=> She hasn't.................................................................................................
6) It is a long time since we last met.
=> We haven't................................................................................................
7) When did you have it ?
=> How long .................................................................................................?
8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal .
=> I haven't..................................................................................................
9) I haven't seen him for 8 days.
=> The last ..................................................................................................
10) I haven't taken a bath since Monday.
=> It is .........................................................................................................
11) Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997
Samuel has .........................................................................................................
12)We started learning English fìve years ago.
We have .........................................................................................................
13) I began living in Ho Chi Minh City when I was 8.
I have .........................................................................................................
14) She has taught the children in this remote village for five months
She started .........................................................................................................
15) He has written to me since April.
The last time .........................................................................................................
16) She hasn’t had a swim for five years
She last .........................................................................................................
17) They last talked to each other two months ago
They haven’t .........................................................................................................
18) The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999
She hasn’t .........................................................................................................
19) She hasn’t written to me for years
It’s years .........................................................................................................
20) Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years.
It’s ten years .........................................................................................................
Bài 2: Viết lại câu dùng từ gợi ý
1. Dorothy has just watered the flowers. (two minutes ago)
_______________________________________________
2. We didn’t get ready for the party. (yet)
_______________________________________________
3. She has already done the washing up. (an hour ago)
_______________________________________________
4. Have you ever visited an orphanage? (last year)
_______________________________________________
5. Uncle Tom took me to the school today. (already)
_______________________________________________
6. Haven't you put on your jacket yet? (in the morning)
_______________________________________________
7. Susan didn't spend her summer in Italy last year. (never)
_______________________________________________
8. The children didn't return back from the school. (yet)
_______________________________________________
ĐÁP ÁN
Bài 1
1. He hasn’t never gone abroad before.
2. She has driven for 1 month.
3. We have eaten since it started raining.
4. I haven’t cut my hair since I left her.
5. She has kissed me for 5 months.
6. We haven’t met (each other) for a long time.
7. How long have you had it?
8. I haven’t never eaten such a delicious meal before.
9. The last time I saw him was 8 days.
10. It is …. days since I last took a bath.
11. Samuel has kept a diary since 1997.
12. We have learned English for five years
13. I have lived in Ho Chi Minh City since I was 8.
14. She started to teach the children in this remote village five months ago.
15. The last time he wrote to me was in April.
16. She last had a swim was five years ago
17. They haven’t talked to each other for two months.
18. She hasn’t seen her elder sister since 1999
19. It’s years since she wrote to me.
20. It’s ten years since Robert and Catherine were married.
Bài 2
1. Dorothy watered the flowers two minutes ago
2. We haven’t get ready for the party yet
3. She finished washing up an hour ago
4. Did you visit an orphanage last year?
5. Uncle Tom has already take me to the school
6. Didn't you put your jacket in the morning?
7. Susan has never spent her summer in Italy
8. The children haven't return from the school yet.
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