Unit 10: Nature in Danger - Language Focus

Relative pronouns with prepositions. (Đại từ quan hệ với giới từ)

Trong mệnh đề quan hệ, khi đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ của giới từ thì giới từ thường có 2 vị trí: trước các đại từ quan hệ ("whom" và "which") hoặc sau động từ.

• Trong lối văn trang trọng, giới từ thường được đặt trước đại từ quan hệ "whom" và "which".
  • Ex 1: This is the car about which I told you.
  • Ex 2: The man to whom you talked this morning is my uncle.
• Trong lối nói thân mật, giới từ thường đặt cuối mệnh đề.
  • Ex 1: This is the car (which/ that) I told you about.
  • Ex 2: The man (whom/ that) you talked to this morning is my uncle.
• Lưu ý
  • Không đặt giới từ trước "that" và "who"
  • Với cụm động từ (phrasal verbs: look after, come across, fill in, go on, take on…) thì giới từ không được dùng trước đại từ quan hệ.
    • Ex: The dog which Mrs Brown has looked after for two years becomes a big dog now. (Người ta không dùng "The dog after which Mrs Brown has looked for..." vì "look after" mang nghĩa là chăm sóc.)
  • Các giới từ "without", "during" và "since" thường không được đặt ở cuối mệnh đề quan hệ.

    • Ex 1: The thing without which I can hardly finish the work is my computer. (Not "The thing which I can hardly finish without the work is my computer.")

    • Ex 2: During which period did it happen? (Not which period did it happen during?)

    • Ex 3: Since when have you been learning English? (Not when have you been learning English since?)

  • Of which, of whom, of whose được dùng sau các từ chỉ số lượng (all, both, each, many, most neither, none some…) và dạng so sánh nhất.

    • Ex: They have three children, all of whom get married.

Choose the suitable italicised words to complete the following sentences. (Chọn từ in nghiêng thích hợp để hoàn thành các câu sau.)

1. To who/whom it may concern.
2. It was a service for which/that I was grateful.
3. The success of a shared holiday depends on who/whom you share it with.
4. Do you like the person who/whom sits next to you?
5. Midway through the second half, Manchester United scored their third goal, at that/which point Leeds United gave up completely.
6. There is one person to whom/who I owe more than I can say.
7. It was the kind of accident for which/that nobody was really to blame.

Guide to answer

Combine the following sentences, using preposition + whom or which. (Ghép các câu sau, sử dụng giới từ + whom hoặc which.)

1. The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday.
2. The man works in the hospital. I told you about him.
3. The woman teaches me English. I am telling you about her.
4. The movie is fantastic. They are talking about it.
5. The picture was beautiful. She was looking at it.
6. I'll give you the address. You should write to it.

Guide to answer

1. The man to whom I talked yesterday was very kind.
2. The man about whom I told you works in the hospital.
3. The woman about whom I am telling you teaches me English.
4. The movie about which they are talking is fantastic.
5. The picture at which she was looking was beautiful.
6. I'll give you the address to which you should write.

Complete the following sentences, using who, whom, which or that. (Hoàn thành những câu sau sử dụng who, whom, which hoặc that)

1. Jack is the one ______ I miss most.
2. It was a kind of computer with ____ I was not familiar.
3. Do you get on with the person ____ lives next door?
4. I must thank the man from ____ I got the present.
5. It is an event ______ I would rather not forget.
6. The meeting to _____ I went was interesting.
7. The person ______ did it was never caught.
8. That's the woman to ______ Jim used to be married.

Guide to answer

1. Jack is the one whom/that I miss most.
2. It was a kind of computer with which I was not familiar.
3. Do you get on with the person who lives next door?
4. I must thank the man from whom I got the present.
5. It is an event which/that I would rather not forget.
6. The meeting to which I went was interesting.
7. The person who did it was never caught.
8. That's the woman to whom Jim used to be married.

the furniture is to be delivered.                  you should be aware.

I had great respect.                                  I look up.

most world trade was conducted.               the printer was supplied.

she was divorced in 1995.                          it was named.

we went on holiday.                                  it was primarily written.

1. My English teacher, Mrs. Brookes, was someone ...............
2. Until 1914 the pound sterling was the currency .............
3. They have changed the date .........
4. Pasteurisation was discovered by the French chemist Louis Pasteur, ........
5. There are a number of safety procedures .....................
6. Details are in the instruction manual .........................
7. Ms. Peters was left the money by her former husband ...........
8. She is one of the few people ...............................
9. This is a photograph of our friends ...........................
10. The book is enjoyed by adults as well as children .............

Key

1. My English teacher, Mrs Brookes, was someone for whom I had great respect.
2. Until 1914 the pound sterling was the currency in/with which most world trade was conducted.
3. They have changed the date on/by which the furniture is to be delivered.
4. Pasteurisation was discovered by the French chemist Louis Pasteur, after whom it was named.
5. There are a number of safety procedures of which you should be aware.
6. Details are in the instruction manual with which the printer was supplied.
7. Ms. Peters was left the money by her former husband, from whom she was divorced in 1995.
8. She is one of the few people to whom I look up.
9. This is a photograph of our friends with whom we went on holiday.
10. The book is enjoyed by adults as well as children, for whom it was primarily written.

Trên đây là nội dung bài học Language Focus Unit 10 Lớp 11, để củng cố nội dung bài học ngữ pháp mời các em tham gia thực hành Trắc nghiệm Unit 10 lớp 11 Language Focus

• Câu 1: Exercise 1: Choose the word or phrase - a, b, c or d - that needs correcting.

  Among us students are many foreigners whose attend language classes at the south campus.

  • A. Among us
  • B. many foreigners
  • C. whose
  • D. at the

• Câu 2:

  Is it right that politicians should make important decisions without consulting the public to who they are accountable?

   

  • A. that politicians
  • B. should make
  • C. consulting
  • D. to who

• Câu 3:

  The environment where wild animals are living is now badly destroying.

   

  • A. where
  • B. are living
  • C. badly
  • D. destroying

• Câu 4:

  AU nations may have to make fundamental changes in their economic, political, and the technological institutions if they are to preserve the environment.

  • A. have to make
  • B. changes
  • C. the technological institutions
  • D. to preserve

• Câu 5:

  Soon after Mel has finished his thesis, he will leave for Boston, where he has a job waiting on him.

  • A. has finished
  • B. will leave
  • C. where
  • D. on him

• Câu 6: Exercise 2: Choose the word or phrase A, B, C, or D that best completes the sentence.

  Jean Fragonard was a French artist ______ portrait of children.

  • A. whose paintings
  • B. who has painted
  • C. who painted
  • D. whose painted

Câu 2 - Câu 18: Xem trắc nghiệm để thi online

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