Chuyên đề Gerund and Infinitive

CHUYÊN ĐỀ GERUND AND INFINITIVE

PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT

I. GERUND:

1.Chức năng:

Là chủ ngữ của câu: Dancing bored him

Bổ ngữ của động từ: Her hobby is painting

Là bổ ngữ: Seeing is believing

Sau giới từ: He is interested in watching films on Tv.

Sau một vài động từ: avoid, mind, enjoy………

2. Một số cách dùng đặc biệt:

A. Verb + V-ing: Danh động từ theo sau một số động từ:

Admit: thú nhận

Anticipate: trông mong, mong đợi

Avoid: tránh

Appreciate: tán thành

Consider: xem xét

Delay: hoãn lại

Defer: trì hoãn

Deny: từ chối

Detest: ghét

Dislike: không thích

Dread: sợ

Enjoy: thích thú                  Escape:  trốn thoát

Excuse: thứ lỗi

Fancy: đam mê

Finish

Forgive: tha thứ

Like: thích

Love: yêu thích

Imagine: tưởng tượng                    

Involve: dính líu, liên quan

Keep: giữ, tiếp

Mind: phiền

Miss: lỡ, nhớ

Mention: đề cập

Pardon: tha thứ, tha lỗi

Prefer

Prevent: ngăn ngừa

Postpone: hoãn lại

Practice: thực hành

Prevent

Propose (= suggest)

Quit: từ bỏ

Recollect: nhớ lại

Resent: căm thù

Recall: gợi nhớ/ recollect

Resume: cho rằng

Resist : kháng cự, ngăn cản

Risk : mạo hiểm

Remember/ forget

Suggest: gợi ý

Stop/ begin/ start

Understand: hiểu

Discuss: thảo luận

Hate: ghét

 Ex: He admitted taking the money.

       Avoid over-eating

      He detests writing letters.

      He didn’t want to risk getting wet.

      I can’t understand his/ him leaving his wife.

Chú ýexcuse, forgive, pardon, prevent không trực tiếp theo sau bởi danh động từ mà theo sau bởi:

          Possessive adjective/ pronoun + danh động từ hoặc pronoun + preposition + danh động từ

          Appreciate thường theo sau bởi tính từ sở hữu hoặc danh động từ ở dạng bị động

Ex: Forgive my/ me ringing you up so early.

       Forgive me for ringing you up so early.

      You can’t prevent his/ him spending his own money.

     You can’t prevent him from spending his own money.

    I appreciate your giving me o much of your time./ I appreciate being given this opportunity.

b. common phrasal verbs + V-ing: (sau một số cụm động từ)

            carry on,      end up,        give up,        go round,    keep on,        put off,    set about…

c. Expression + V-ing: Một số thành ngữ theo sau bởi V-ing

        – have fun/ a good time + V-ing : vui vẻ …

        – have trouble/ difficulty + V-ing:     

        – have a hard time/ difficult time + V-ing

        – spend + time/ money + V-ing (present participle)

                  He spends 3 hours studying English every day.

        – waste + time/money + V-ing :

        – sit + Danh từ nơi chốn + V-ing : she sat at her desk writing a letter

        – stand + danh từ nơi chốn + V-ing

        – lie + danh từ nơi chốn + Ving

        – can’t help = can’t bear = can’t stand = can’t resist (không thể chịu được)

         I can’t bear hearing his lies      

         I can’t stand seeing him here           

        – it is no good / it is no use (vô ích / không có ích) :             It’s no use phoning him at this time

        – there’s no point in …

       – What’s the point of…

       – to be busy           bận rộn

            My mother is busy cooking in the kitchen.

        – to be  worth                  đáng 

            This book is worth reading

        – be use to = get used to = be accustomed to  : quen với

        – S + prefer  + V-ing +  to  + V-ing: thích làm gì hơn làm gì

        = S + would rather Vinf than Vinf

d. go + gerund để chỉ một hoạt động đặc biệt nào đó: (Present participle)

– go fishing    đi câu cá       go hunting         go bowling        go jogging

– go shopping    đi mua sắm    go camping         go sightseeing   go sailing

– go swimming  đi bơi          go dancing       go running      ….

– go hiking      đi bộ dã ngoại     go birdwatching  go boating        go canoening

– go mountain climbing

* Cụm giới từ theo sau bởi V-ing:

- Complain about/of + V-ing

- Dream about/of + V-ing

- Talk about/of + V-ing

- Think about/of + V-ing

- Keep (someone) from V-ing

- Prevent  (someone) from V-ing

- Stop (someone) from V-ing

- Apologize

- Believe

Preposition +gerund (giới từ +gerund):

Be interested in (thích thú)                 think about (nghĩ về)                             apologize for (xin lỗi về)

Insist on (khăng khăng về)                  talk about (nói về)                               instead of (thay vì)

Be accustomed to                                                                   look forward to ( mong đợi ) 

be / get used to          quen /thích nghi với                              be familiar with

3. The perfect gerund:

Form:    having Vpp

  The perfect gerund được sử dụng thay the present form of gerund (V-ing) khi chúng ta đề cập tới một hành động đã hoàn tất trong quá khứ:

   Ex: He was accused of having stolen her money.

         He denied having been there.

4. The passive gerund:

Form: being + past participle (present)

            Having + been + Vpp (past)

              Ex: She hates being called a dull.

                     The mountain climbers are in danger of being killed by an avalanche.

                     I am interested in being given money by my mother.

                     He was punished by being sent to bed without any supper.

                    The safe showed no signs of having been touched.

 II. INFINITIVES: Động từ nguyên thể

1.Chức năng:

– Làm chủ ngữ của câu: (cùng với các động từ: appear, seem, be)

    Ex: To save money now seems impossible.

           = It seems impossible to save money (more usual)

– Làm bổ  ngữ của động từ (be):

     Ex: His plan is to keep the affair secret.      

– Làm tân ngữ của động từ:

     Ex: He wants to play

– Chỉ mục đích: He learns English to sing English songs.  

– Sau một số tính từ:

2. Bare infinitive (infinitive without to)

Được dùng sau động từ make, have với nghĩ nguyên cớ (causative)

 The Brown made their children clean their room.

The guest had the porters carry their luggage upstairs.

Được dùng sau động từ giác quan như see, hear, feel,notice, taste, smell, ….

We incidentally saw the plane crash into the moutain.

The man noticed his assistant leave work earlier than usual.

Chú ý:

Feel, hear, see, watch, smell , find + O + Ving (present participle): bắt gặp ai đó đang làm gì

Feel, hear, see, watch, smell , find + O + bare inf. : thấy ai đó đã làm gì

  • Được dùng sau động từ let và help.

My brother let me use computer.

The parents helped their children set up the tent.

  • Được dùng sau các đọng từ khuyết thiếu và trợ động từ: can, could, will, shall, would, should, used to, had better, need,  ought to, do, did …
  • Trong cấu trúc: would rather + bare infinitve/ had better

3. To – infinitive:

A. To infinitive sau động từ:

   Dùng 1: V + TO INFINITIVE  : Một số động từ theo sau là to infinitive

1.agree: đồng ý           

2.aim: nhằm mục đích            

3. appear: có vẻ         

4.arrange:  sắp xếp

5.ask: yêu cầu             

6.attempt: cố gắng                 

7.bother: phiền           

8.care: để ý

9.choose: chọn                       

10.claim: công bố                   

11.decide: quyết định

12.demand: yêu cầu

13.determine: định đoạt         

14.fail: thất bại           

15.guarantee: bảo đảm           

16.happen: xảy ra

17. hesitate: do dự

18.hope: hy vọng

19.learn: học               

20.manage: xoay xở

21.neglect: lơ đãng           

22.offer: đề nghị                    

23.plan: có kế hoạch  

24.prepare:chuẩn bị

25.pretend: giả vờ          

26. proceed: tiếp nối                    

27.promise:                 

28.prove: chứng tỏ

29.refuse: từ chối       

30.resolve: nhất quyết            

31.seem:                     

32.swear: thề  

33.tend: có xu hướng 

34.threaten: dọa                     

35.volunteer: tình nguyện          

36.vow: dụ dỗ           

37.wish                                   

38.want                      

39.need                      

40.wait                                   

41. expect                               

42. intend                   

43. would like/ would love

44. beg

45. begin/ start         

46. afford : đủ khả năng                    

47. be willing                      

48. be able                 

49. expect                               

50. intend                   

51.beg: cầu khẩn        

52. prefer

   Dùng 2: V + O + TO INFINITIVE

– Danh từ/ đại từ làm tân ngữ (objects) đi sau, rồi mới đến “to infinitive”

Ví dụ:

– She advised  me to go to the English Club.

* Một số động từ thường gặp:

+ advise : khuyên                               + allow: cho phép

+ ask: yêu cầu.                                    + cause: gây ra.

+ command : yêu cầu, ra lệnh            + encourage: khuyến khích   

+ expect: mong chờ.                           + forbid: cấm

+ force : buộc                                     + instruct: chỉ dẫn

+ invite: mời                                       + oblige: bắt buộc

+ need: cần               – We need you to help us

+ teach: dạy              – My brother taught me to swim

+ tell: bảo.                                           + want: muốn

+ warn :  cảnh báo                              + remind: nhắc nhở

order: yêu cầu, ra lệnh                    + persuade : thuyết phục

request: yêu cầu                              + show :

train : đào tạo, huấn luyện              + instruct: chỉ dẫn

permit: cho phép                             + remind: nhắc nhở

* NOTES :

   + allow / permit / advise/ recommend/ encourage + object + to infinitive

              Ex: She doesn’t allow me to smoke in her room

   + allow/ permit/ recommend/ encourage/ advise + gerund

              Ex: She doesn’t allow smoking in her room

Dạng 3: V + TO INFINITIVE/ GERUND    (một số động từ theo sau bởi to infinitive and gerund)

Nhóm 1: V + to Infinitive / Gerund ( không khác nghĩa )

– begin                   bắt đầu      – prefer thích .. hơn         – can’t stand

– start                     bắt đầu      – hate ghét                       – can’t bear

– continue              tiếp tục      – loveyêu thích                – intend

– like                      thích          – bother   làm phiền

Các động từ trên có thể được theo sau bởi to Infinitive hoặc Gerund mà ý nghĩa hÇu nh­ không đổi.

Ví dụ:

          – He began to laugh

          = He began laughing

  Chú ý :

a) Không nên dùng: It’s beginning raining

Nên nói: It is begining to rain

b) Động từ nguyên mẫu thường mang ý nghĩa của một mục đích, một dự tính trong tương lai, trong khi danh động từ mang ý nghĩa một kinh nghiệm sẵn có. Cách sử dụng chúng đôi khi rất tinh tế như sau:

Ví dụ

 – I like to meet the public

  (Tôi thích gặp công chúng – Tôi thấy nên gặp, cần gặp → dự định)

– I like meeting the public

  (Tôi thích gặp công chúng. Tôi thấy vui khi gặp và tôi luôn làm thế).

Nhóm 2: V + infinitive / Gerund ( khác nghĩa)

remember,       forget,         regret,        try,         stop,        need ,      go on

a. NEED

      Need to do it is necessary to do :cần phải làm ( động từ nguyên mẫu mang nghĩa chủ động)

      Need doing = need to be done : cần phải được làm ( động từ nguyên mẫu mang nghĩa bị động)

  • Tom needs to work (It is necessary for Tom to work harder.)
  • The grass in front of the house needs cutting. (The grass in front of the house needs to be cut.)

b. STOP

Stop to do = stop in order to do : dừng lại để làm việc gì khác

Stop doing = not to do something any longer : dừng làm việc gì đó (đang làm)

  • They stopped to look at the pictures.
  • They stopped smoking because it is bad for their health.

c. REGRET/ REMEMBER/ FORGET:

       Remember/forget/regret + to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại và tương lai)

* Remember to send this letter (hãy nhớ gửi bức thư này). Don’t forget to buy flowers (đừng quên mua hoa đấy)

* I regret to inform you that the train was canceled (tôi rất tiếc phải báo tin cho anh rằng chuyến tầu đã bị hủy bỏ) Remember/forget/regret + V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ).

 I paid her $2. I still remember that. I still remember paying her $2 (tôi nhớ đã trả cô ấy 2 đô la).

She will never forget meeting the Queen (cô ấy không bao giờ quên lần gặp nữ hoàng)

He regrets leaving school early. It is the biggest mistake in his life.

 d. TRY

    Try to do : cè g¾ng lµm

Try doing : thö lµm

  • She tries to pass the entrance exam to the college of pharmacy.
  • I’ve got a terrible headache. I try taking some aspirins but they didn’t help.

e. GO ON:

                  Go on doing s.th. : tiếp tục làm cùng một việc gì đó.

                  Go on to do s.th. : làm hay nói việc gì khác

The Minister went on talking for two hours.

  • We must change our ways. We can’t go on living like this.
  • After discussing the economy, the Minister went on to talk about foreign policy.

f. MEAN

Mean + to V = intend to V: dự định làm gì đó

Mean + V-ing = involve: bao gồm, bao hàm, có nghĩa là

B. To infinitive sau một số tính từ:

Trong cấu trúc sau: IT + BE + ADJECTIVE + TO INFINITIVE

Ví dụ:

– It’s difficult to find their house           Thật khó tìm ra nhà của họ

– It’s dangerous to drive fast                 Lái xe nhanh thì nguy hiểm.

 – It’s important to learn English          Học tiếng Anh thì rất quan trọng

     Có hai dạng tương đương như sau:

         =    To infinitive + be + Adjective

               Gerund

Ví dụ:

– It’s exciting to play football              Chơi bóng đá thật thú vị.

to play football is exciting

playing football is exciting

To infinitive sau 1 số tính từ:

Able, unable, happy, delighted (vui vẻ), easy, lovely, glad, sorry, eager (háo hức), amazed (ngạc nhiên), pleased (hài lòng), disappointed, surprised, willing (sẵn lòng), certain (chắc chắn)

Trong cấu trúc:

   * S + be/ get/ look/ seem/ become…+ too + Adj +(for O) + to infi.

       S + V (thường)                              + too + Adv +(for O) + to infi.

Ex: The water in this glass is too hot to drink.

             This coffee is too hot for me to drink.

             He runs too slowly to catch the bus.

   *S + be + Adj + enough (for O) + to infi.

    S + V (thường) + Adv + enough (for O) + to infi.

Ex: He is old enough to get married.

              He’s intelligent enough to get good marks.

              They speak slowly enough to understand.

   * so + adjective + as + infinitive

        Ex: He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked.

   *It + cost/ take + O + to infinitive…

       Ex: It would cost millions/ take years to rebuild the castle.

C. Sau một số từ để hỏi:

     Verb + how/what/when/where/ which/why + infinitive

    Những động từ sử dụng công thức này là ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, show + object, think, understand, want to know, wonder.

      Ex    : He discovered how to open the safe.

                  I found out where to buy fruit cheaply.

                 She couldn’t think what to say

                 I showed her which button to press.

                She wondered whether to write or phone.

D. Chỉ mục đích:

         Ex:  He tried to study hard in order to / so as to/ to pass every exam

E. Noun + to infinitive ( replace a relative clause)

    Ex:   1. I have many things which I must do/ to do

  1. She is always the last to go/ who goes

F. S + V + Đại từ bất định + To V

(anywhere, anybody, anything, somebody, something, somewhere, nobody, nothing, nowhere, everything, everybody, everywhere)

Ex: Is there anywhere to go?

      He has got nothing to eat

G. Sau một số cụm từ sau:

be about :định, sẽ

be able : có thể

do one’s best : cố gắng

make an/ every effort: nỗ lực

make up one’s mind: quyết định

can’t afford

  Ex: He is just about to leave

         We can’t afford to live in the centre

H. Thay cho một mệnh đề quan hệ:

– Động từ nguyên thể có thể được sử dụng sau the first, the second…, the last, the only và thỉnh thoảng sau so sánh hơn nhất

  Ex: He loves parties; he is always the first who comes and the last who leaves.

 = He loves parties; he is always the first to come and the last to leave

   He is the second one to be killed in this way.

4. The perfect infinitive:

 + Form:  to have + Vpp

+ Use:

  – Dùng với was/ were để diễn tả một kế hoạch chưa thực hiện được

   Ex: The house was to have been ready today (but it isn’t)

 – Dùng sau would/ would like để diễn tả một điều ước vẫn chưa hoàn thiện

   Ex: He would like to have seen it (but it was impossible)

 – Dùng với một số động từ: appear, happen, pretend, seem, believe, consider, find, know, report, say, suppose, think, understand…

III. PASSIVE INFINITIVE AND GERUND:

   + Passive gerund:  being + past participle

              Ex: She hates being called a dull.

                     The mountain climbers are in danger of being killed by an avalanche.

                    I am interested in being given money by my mother.

   + Passive infinitive: to be + past participle

              Ex: I hoped to be invited to the party.

                    He refused to be taken to hospital.

                    She doesn’t want to be asked personal questions

-> Được dùng để nhấn mạnh hành động/ sự kiện hơn là tác nhân gây ra hành động

PHẦN II. VÍ DỤ

Exercise 1:

1. My father usually helps me_______ English.

a. to learn b. lean c. learning d. both a and b

2. He was heard_______ shout.

a. to b. of c. by d. at

3. This student expected_______ the first winner of the Grand Prix.

a. be b. being c. to be d. will be

4. I told her_______ about her wedding; everything will straighten out.

a. Don't worry b. not to worry c. no worry d. not worry

5. May I suggest you let_______

a. Mary doing so b. Mary do so c. Mary does to d. Mary to do so

6. She_______ him when he called her.

a. pretended not hear b. pretended she heard not

c. pretended not to hear d. did not pretend hear

7. The doctor advised_______ late.

a. me not staying up b. me not stay up c. me not to stay up d. I did not stay up

8. The school superintendent told me_______

a. hurrying up b. to hurry up c. hurry up d. hurried up

9. "_______us face the enemies", shouted the soldiers.

a. Make b. Let c. Leave d. Keep

10. Mr. Brown told the schoolgirls_______ in class.

a. don't ear b. not to eat c. eat not d. not eat

11. I have heard Dang Thai Son_______ the piano.

a. played b. plays c. play d. to play

12. The young teachers wanted a Foreign Language Teaching workshop _______ in Ho Chi Minh City.

a. to be holding b. should hold c. to be held d. to hold

13. _______able to take part in the international math contest two years from now, Son works very hard in his math lass.

a. In order to be b. Being c. Been d. So that he be

14. Try_______ so many mistakes.

a. not to make b. not make c. to make not d. make not

15. Let me_______ from you soon.

a. to hear b. hear c. hearing d. heard

16. John is too stupid_______ understand this.

a. to b. not to c. to not d. for

17. The wind is_______ to blow the roof off.

a. strong enough b. too strong c. quiet strong d. very strong

18. My father is _______ to stay up late.

a. too tired b. enough tired c. tired enough d. so tired

19. John wanted me_______ him.

a. to be helping b. help c. to help d. I help

20. I want_______ early tomorrow morning.

a. to leave b. leaving c. me leave d. me leaving

ĐÁP ÁN

1d

2a

3c

4b

5c

6c

7c

8b

9b

10b

11c

12c

13a

14b

15b

16a

17a

18a

19c

20a

Exercise 2:

1. I hope_______

a. to see you there b. seeing you there c. you to see there d. see you there

2. I taught_______

a. how mending a shirt b. him how to mend a shirt

c. how mend a shirt d. him how mend a shirt

3. I told_______

a. Nam to come b. to come Nam c. to Nam come d. Nam come

4. My father has decided_______ a new house.

a. find b. to find c. finding d. him find

5. Mother warned_______ the electric plug

a. here not to touch b. her touching not c. her not touch d. not touch

6. Don't tell Tan because I don't want_______

a. him to know b. know c. him know d. knowing

7. She explained_______

a. how to make it b. me how to make it c. me to make it d. me make it

8. Miss Brown told Mary_______ down.

a. sit b. to sit c. sitting d. sat

9. She told Mary_______ up hope.

a. not give b. do not give c. not to give d. to give not

10. Michael Faraday wrote a litter to Sir Humphry Davy_______ for work.

a. asked b. to ask c. so to ask d. in order to asking

11. Do you know_______ to play that game now?

a. way b. what c. if d. how

12. She is very glad_______ see you again.

a. in b. with c. to d. for

13. He noticed two thieves_______ out of a shop.

a. to come b. are coming c. in coming d. come

14. When will he be allowed to go home? When will they_______?

a. let him go b. let to go c. leave him to go d. leave him

15. The guide encouraged the tourists_______ the Prado Museum Madrid

a. visit b. to visit c. visiting d. to visiting

16. Mow that were finished painting the house, there's nothing left_______

a. done b. did c. to do d. for doing

17. The superintendent promised to tear down and_______ the fire damaged school building.

a. rebuild b. to rebuild c. rebuilding d. to rebuilding

18. The mechanic needs_______ a new muffler on your car.

a. to put b. putting c. to be put d. to putting

19. Our house needs_______

a. to paint b. to be painting c. to be paint d. painting

20. Do you want _______ by the doctor?

a. to examine b. to be examined c. being examined d. being to examine

ĐÁP ÁN

1a

2b

3a

4b

5a

6a

7a

8b

9c

10b

11d

12c

13d

14a

15b

16c

17a

18a

19d

20b

PHẦN III. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG

Exercise 1

1.I enjoy_______ alone.

a. be

b. being

c. to be

d. to have been

2. Would you like_______ to the party?

a. to come

b. come

c. coming

d. to have come

3. Do you mind_______ such a long way to work everyday?

a. to travel

b. travel

c. to have traveled

d. traveling

4. I don’t like that house. I would hate_______ there.

a. live

b. living

c. to lie

d. to have lived

5. I don’t like that house. I would hate_______ there.

a. live

b. living

c. to live

d. to have lived

6. Sometimes I’d like_______ to play the piano.

a. to learn

b. learn

c. learning

d. to have learned

7. Please remember_______ this letter.

a. to post

b. post

c. posting

d. to have posted

8. We tried_______ the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire-brigade.

a. putting

b. put

c. to put

d. to have put

9. When you see John, remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.

a. to have given

b. giving

c. give

d. to give

10. Someone must have taken my bad. I clearly remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.

a. leave

b. leaving

c. to leave

d. to have left

11. Jane needed some money. She tried_______ Harry but he couldn’t help her.

a. to have asked

b. ask

c. to ask

d. asking

12. I think they are now accustomed to _______ 12 hours a day.

a. work

b. to work

c. worked

d. working

13. He tried_______ the shelf but he wasn’t tall enough.

a. reach

b. reaching

c. to reach

d. to have reached

14. Alice didn’t expect_______ to Bill’s party

a. asking

b. being asked

c. to ask

d. to be asked

15. I finally finished_______ at 7:00 pm and served dinner.

a. cooking

b. being cooked

c. to cook

d. to be cooked

16. Sam always remembers_______ in the garage so that the driveway in free for other cars.

a. parking

b. being parked

c. to park

d. to be parked

17. The nurse suggested_______ two aspirins.

a. taking

b. being taken

c. to take

d. to be taken

18. Would you mind not_______ the radio until I’ve finished with this phone call?

a. turning on

b. being turned on

c. to turn on

d. to be turned on

19. They were fortunate_______ from the fire before the building collapsed.

a. rescuing

b. to have rescued

c. to rescue

d. to have been rescued

20. The house family avoided_______ by coming out only when the house was empty and the two cats were outside.

a. catching

b. being caught

c. to have been caught

d. to be caught

 Exercise 2

1.It’s very kind of you_______ so.

a. say

b. to say

c. saying

d. to be saying

2. Please show me how_______ this.

a. do

b. to do

c. doing

d. to have done

3. One is never too old_______

a. learning

b. learn

c. to have learned

d. to learn

4. You are old enough_______ out alone.

a. going

b. go

c. to go

d. to have gone

5. I’m very glad_______ you.

a. to meet

b. meet

c. meeting

d. to be meeting

6. It’s nice_______ you.

a. to know

b. know

c. knowing

d. to be knowing

7. You have no right_______ my daughter.

a. see

b. to see

c. seeing

d. to have seen

8. Please tell me what_______

a. doing

b. do

c. to do

d. to have done

9. I forbid you _______ my letter.

a. to read

b. read

c. to have read

d. reading

10. We stopped_______ hello to her.

a. say

b. saying

b. to have said

d. to say

11. We came_______ help her.

a. help

b. to help

c. to have helped

d. helping

12. I’ll invite her_______ my daughter.

a. teaching

b. teach

c. to teach

d. to have taught

13. I don’t feel like_______ to the cinema now.

a. go

b. going

c. to go

d. to have gone

14. It’s no good_______ video games.

a. play

b. to have played

c. to play

d. playing

15. It’s no use_______ with him.

a. working

b. work

c. to work

d. to have worked

16. The idea of_______ abroad appeals to me.

a. working

b. work

c. to work

d. being working

17. The Rogers are happy about_______ a baby.

a. have

b. having

c. to have

d. to be having

18. Camping is hard if you’re not used to _______ on the ground.

a. be slept

b. to be sleeping

c. sleeping

d. sleeping

19. Mrs. Kerry didn’t want_______ on

a. to be operated

b. being operated     

c. to operate               

d. to be operating

20. Windows are used to let in light and _______ out cold.

a. to keep

b. keep                      

c. keeping                   

d. for keeping

Exercise 3

1.It isn’t worth while_______ her.

a. marry

b. to marry                

c. marrying                 

d. to have married

2. She did nothing but_______

a. cry

b. to cry                    

c. to have cried           

d. crying

3. He can’t live without_______ here.

a. being loved

b. to love                  

c. love                         

d. loving

4. People are prevented from_______ to the polluted area.

a. go

b. going                    

c. to go                       

d. to have gone

5. Tourists are not allowed _______ in the Temple.

a. to talk

b. talk                       

c. talking                    

d. being talked

6. The teacher doesn’t allow_______ dictionaries in the final examination.

a. being used

b. use                        

c. using                       

d. to use

7. Many countries have considered_______ the victims of the tsunami.

a. to have helped

b. to help                  

c. help                         

d. helping

8. The child admitted_______ a lie.

a. tell

b. telling                   

c. to tell                      

d. to be telling

9. The president agreed_______ the Agreement.

a. to sign

b. sign                       

c. signing                    

d. to have signed

10. The captain chose_______ with his ship.

a. die

b. to die                    

c. to have died           

d. dying

11. Vietnam failed_______ Tiger Cup 2004!

a. winning

b. win                       

c. to win                     

d. to have won

12. The child promised_______ his parents.

a. being obeyed

b. obeying                

c. obey                        

d. to obey

13. Lee was upset by_______ him the truth.

a. our not having told

b. us not tell             

c. we didn’t tell          

d. not to tell

14. Wee considered_______ after work.

a. to go shop

b. going shopping     

c. going to shop          

d. to go to shop

12. Jack offered_______ care of my garden while I was out of town.

a. take

b. taking                   

c. to have taken          

c. to take

13. Could you please come over? I need you _______ the refrigerator.

a. help me moving

b. helping me to move

c. to help me move

d. help me to move

14. I’ll never forget_______ that race. What a thrill!

a. to win

b. win                       

c. being won               

d. winning

12. No one has better qualifications. Carol is certain_______ for the job.

a. to choose

b. having chosen      

c. to be chosen           

d. being chosen

13. I was enjoying my book, but I topper_______ a program on TV.

a. reading to watch

b. to read to watch

c. to read for watching

d. reading for to watch

14. Who is the woman talking to Mr. Quinn? I don’t recall_______ her around the office before.

a. to have seen

b. seeing                   

c. to see                      

d. being seen

Exercise 4

1.He tried to avoid_______ my question.

a. answer

b. answering             

c. to answer                

d. to have answered

2. Paula has given up _______ to lose weight.

a. try

b. trying                    

c. to try                       

d. to have tried

3. We can’t go on_______ like this.

a. living

b. live                       

c. to live                     

d. to be living

4. Don’t keep_______ me while I’m talking.

a. interrupt

b. to interrupt           

c. interrupting             

d. to have interrupted

5. I can’t imagine Bill _______ a motorbike.

a. ride

b. riding                    

c. to ride                     

d. to be riding

6. Sorry to keep you_______ so long.

a. waiting

b. wait                      

c. to wait                    

d. to have waited

7. She now regrets_______ it.

a. say

b. having said           

d. to say                     

d. to have said

8. We decided_______ at home.

a. to stay

b. stay                       

c. staying                    

d. having stayed

9. Frank tends_______ too much.

a. to have drunk

b. drinking                

c. drink                       

d. to drink

10. He doesn’t want_______

a. to know

b. know                    

c. knowing                 

d. to be knowing

11. I don’t advise anybody_______ in that hotel.

a. stay

b. to stay                  

c. staying                    

d. to have stayed

12. The mother made her child_______ the word

a. repeat

b. to repeat               

c. repeating                 

d. to be repeating

13. My parents don’t let me_______ out alone.

a. go

b. to go                     

c. going                      

d. to be going

14. I’m afraid I have some homework_______ today.

a. do

b. to do                     

c. going                      

d. done

15. Have the movers_______ the bedroom furniture first.

a. brought in

b. to bring in             

c. bring in                   

d. bringing in

16. Do you know what_______ so many people evacuate their homes?

a. forced

b. made                    

c. caused                    

d. convinced

17. Where are the children? “I saw_______ in the yeard”.

a. hem to play

b. them playing        

c. they playing            

d. to them playing

18. You’re been taking a lot of nice photographs.

a. becoming

b. about become       

c. to become               

d. about becoming

19. Jane’s summer vacation in England led to_______ an English man.

a. her marry

b. her to marry          

c. her being married   

d. her marrying

20. We would like_______ to the president’s reception, but we weren’t

a. having invited

b. having been invited

c. to have invited

d. to have been invited

Exercise 5

1.I can’t go because I haven’t got anything_______

a. wear

b. to wear                 

c. wearing                   

d. worn

2. I have nothing_______ you to day.

a. tell

b. to tell                    

c. telling                     

d. told

3. Would you like something_______?

a. rink

b. to drink                

c. drinking                  

d. drunk

4. Is there any place_______ tonight?

a. stayed

b. staying                  

c. to stay                     

d. stay

5. Have you got any books_______?

a. sell

b. selling                   

c. sold                         

d. to sell

6. I often avoid_______ to parties.

a. go

b. to go                     

c. gone                        

d. going

7. They often suggest their_______ out with some friends.

a. going

b. gone                     

c. go                           

d. to go

8. Please pardon my_______ you.

a. disturb

b. disturbing             

c. to disturb                

d. disturbed

9. I cannot remember_______ him last week.

a. meet

b. meeting                

c. to meet                   

d. met

10. Susan is interested in _______ a bus.

a. drive

b. driving                  

c. to drive                   

d. driven

11. What about_______ for a walk?

a. going

b. gone                     

c. go                           

d. to go

12. Have you planned on _______ to Nha Trang this summer?

a. go

b. to go                     

c. going                      

d. gone

13. I suggest _______ to the cinema for a change.

a. go

b. to go                     

c. went                       

d. going

14. Do you consider_______ our teacher on Friday?

a. inviting

b. invited                  

c. invited                    

d. to invite

15. Would you mind_______ me a hand?

a. to give

b. giving                   

c. give                         

d. given

16. The baby continued_______ even after she was picked up.

a. being crying

b. having cried         

c. to cry                      

d. having been crying

17. Arthur pretended not_______ hurt when his younger sister bit him.

a. having

b. be                         

c. to have                    

d. to have been

18. We were shocked to hear the news of your_______

a. having fired

b. having been fired 

c. to be fired               

d. to have been fired

19. Do you have an excuse_______ late to class two days in a row?

a. for to be

b. for being               

c. to be                       

d. being

20. Jack made me_______ him next week.

a. to promise to call

b. to promise calling 

c. promise to call        

d. promise calling

Exercise 6

1.I can’t stand_______ her cry.

a. to have seen

b. to see                    

c. see                          

d. seeing

2. Suddenly everybody stopped_______ There was silence.

a. talking

b. to talk                   

c. talk                         

d. being talked

3. I’ll go with you when I’ve finished_______ my homework.

a. to have done

b. do                         

c. doing                      

d. to do

4. _______natural resources is of great importance.

a. Preserve

b. Preserving            

c. To have preserved 

d. Preserved

5. We avoid_______ out environment.

a. polluting

b. to pollute              

c. pollute                    

d polluted

6. I think they are now accustomed to _______ 12 hours a day.

a. work

b. to work                 

c. worked                   

d. working

7. “Why did Mrs. Walker call?” “She wants_______ her load some boxes into her car”..

a. that we help

b. us help                  

c. us helping               

d. us to help

8. “How did the prisoner escape?” “By climbing a fence and_______ someone’s car”.

a. steal

b. to steal                  

c. from stealing          

d. stealing

9. “What happened to Julie?” “We saw_______ by a bicyclist”.

a. her hit

b. hit her                   

c. her hitting               

d. being hitting

10. “What is this letter about?” “It’s in regard_______ at a conference next week”.

a. to you speak

b. to our speaking     

c. of our speaking       

d. to you speaking

11. “Why are you getting new glasses?” “Because it’s difficult_______ the small print in the newspaper”.

a. to read for me

b. my reading           

c. I read                      

d. for me to read

12. “This cabinet is beautiful. Did you make it yourself?” “No, I had_______”.

a. it built

b. built it                   

c. to built it                 

d. it build

13. “Don’t take a taxi. We insist_______ in our car.

a. you to come

b. on your coming    

c. on you coming        

d. for you to come

14. “You’ve been redecorating your house”, “Yes, I’m thinking_______ this room white”.

a. to paint

b. to painting            

c. of paint                   

d. about painting

15. “What’s wrong with the teacher?” “_______to class late so much has made him mad”.

a. John comes

b. John coming         

c. John’s coming         

d. John to come

16. “I can’t open this jar of mayonnaise” “_______ Lee to help you”.

a. Have

b. Let                        

c. Ask                         

d. Make

17. “Did you paint our house yourself?” “No, I had some friends_______ me”

a. help

b. helped                  

c. to help                    

d. to help to

18. Photocopiers are used_______ of a written text.

a. to make copies

b. to making copies  

c. make copies            

d. making copies

19. “Do you like being married?” “Yes, but I’m not use_______ every night”.

a. to cook

b. to cooking            

c. cooking                   

d. to have cooked

20. “It’s warmer in her now”. “Yes, I had Karen _______ then window.”.

a. closed

b. closing                  

c. to close                   

d. close

Ecxercise 7

1.I am looking forward to ___________ you.

A. seeing

B. see                                     

C. to see                                 

D. saw

2. I arranged__________ them here.

A. to meet

B. meeting                              

C. met                                    

D. meet

3. He urged us __________ faster.

A. working

B. work                                  

C. to work                              

D. worked

4. I wish___________ the manager.

A. see

B. seeing                                

C. saw                                    

D. to see

5. It’s no use ____________

A. wait

B. waiting                              

C. to wait                               

D. waited

6. He warned her ____________ the wire.

A. not touching

B. not touch                           

C. not to touch                       

D. to not touch

7. Don’t forget ___________ the door before ____________ to bed.

A. to lock/ going

B. locking/ going                    

C. to lock/ to go                     

D. lock/ going

8. My mother told me _____________ to anyone about it.

A. not speaking

B. not speak                           

C. to not speak                       

D. not to speak

9. He tried _________ but she refused ____________

A. to explain/ listen

B. to explain/ to listen            

C. explain / listen                 

D. explaining/ listening

10. Would you mind __________ me how __________ the lift?

A. to show/ to work

B. show/ work                        

C. showing/ to work              

D. showing/ working

11. I couldn’t help ____________ what you said.

A. overhear

B. overhearing                        

C. overheared                         

D. to overhear

12. Please go on ___________.I can wait.

A. write

B. to write                              

C. wrote                                 

D. writing

13. His doctor advised him __________ jogging.

A. to give up

B. give up                               

C. giving up                           

D. gave up

14. Do stop ___________. I am doing my homework.

A. talk

B. talking                               

C. to talk                                

D. talked

15. Mrs. Jones: I don’t allow my family __________ at all.

A. smoking

B. to smoke                            

C. smoked                               

D. smoke

16. I am beginning ____________ what you mean.

A. to understand

B. understand                        

C. understanding                   

D. A & C

17. After walking for three hours, we stopped to let the others ____________ with us.

A. to catch

B. catching                             

C. catch                                  

D. A & B

18. Your windows need __________. Would you like me to do them for you?

A. to be cleaned

B. to clean                              

C. cleaning                             

D. A & C

19. It is interesting ___________ a good film.

A. to watch

B. watching                            

C. watch                                 

D. watched

20. My mother made me ___________ at home at night.

A. staying

B. to stay                                

C. stayed                                

D. stay

21. The librarian asked us __________ so much noise.

A. don’t make                 

B. not make                            

 C. not making                       

D. not to make

22. I told you ___________ the computer, didn’t it?

A. to switch off

B. don’t switch off                                                            

C. not switch off        

D. switch off

23. He advised them ___________ in the class

A. to not talk                   

B. not to talk                           

C. to talk not                        

D. don’t talk

24. Judy suggested _____________ for a walk but no one else wanted to.

A. to go

B. go                                       

C. going                               

D. went

25. Tom refused _________ me any money

A. to give

B. give                                       

C. gave                                

D. giving

26. Jill has decided not ____________a car

A. to buy                  

B. buy                                     

C. buying                           

D. will buy

27. There was a lot of traffic but we managed___________to the airport in time.

A. to get

B. getting                               

C.not to get                            

D. got

28. Ann offered___________after our children while we were out

A. look

B. to look                               

C. looking                              

D. look to

29. Would you like___________ to the D&J coffee

A. to go

B.going                                 

C. went                                  

D. goes

30.Why hasn’t Sue arrived yet? She promised not ____________late

A. come                           

B. to come                              

C. coming                               

D. came

31. She promised __________ back again

A. not to come

B. is coming                           

B. coming                               

D. came

32. The teacher encouraged___________ the football team

A. to join

B. joining                               

C. joined                                

D. join to

33. He reminded me ___________ to give the book back to John

A. not forget                   

B. not to forget                      

C. forgot                                

D. forgeting.

34. My father has given up ____________.

A. smoke

B. smoked                              

C. smoking                             

D. to smoked

35.”All right, I’ll wait for you” She agreed ___________ for me

A. to wait

B. not to wait                         

C. waiting                              

D. wait to

36. I don’t enjoy ___________ letters.

A. writing                         

B. to write                             

C. have be written                 

D. wrote

37. I consider ______________ the job but in the end I decided against doing it.

A. to take                        

B. taking                               

C. to be take                          

D. took

38. The boy insisted on ______________ a break after lunch.

A. having

B. to have                              

C.not to have                        

D. have

39. The woman looked forward to __________ his mother again.

A. meet                           

B. to meet                                

C. meeting                            

D. met

40. The boy accused his friend of___________ stolen his bicycle.

A. have

B. to have                               

C.not to have                        

D. having

41. Her mother prevented her from ___________ mobile phone.

A. use

B. to use                                   

C. using                                

D. not to use

42. He thanked her for __________ him some money.

A. lend                             

B. to lend                               

C. lending                             

D. not lend.

43. She refused ____________ back again

A. not to come                 

B. is coming                           

C. coming                               

D. to come

44. Her mother prevented her from ____________ out alone at night.

A. go

B.going                                  

C. to go                                  

D. not to go

45. His brother agreed ____________ a car

A. to buy

B. buy                                   

C. buying                               

D. will buy

46. Most of my friends enjoy ______________ football on television.

A. watch

B. to watch                             

C. watching                           

D. watched

47. Anne would rather ___________ than anything else.

A. study

B. studying          

C. to study                             

D. studied

48. Tracey is out of work. She hasn’t been able _____________ a job yet.

A. find

B. to find                                

C. finding                              

D. found

49. Tracey doesn’t want___________ her friends and family.

A. leave

B. leaving                               

C. left                                     

D. to leave

50. I am very tired of ______________ to her complaints day after day.

A. listen

B. listening                             

C. to listen                             

D. listened

 BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO

Exercise 1: Multiple choice

1.I enjoy _________ alone.

a. be

b. to be   

c. being                        

d. to have been

2. Would you like _______to the party?

a. to come

b. come   

c. coming                     

d. to have come

3. Do you mind_______ such a long way to work everyday?

a. to travel

b. travel    

c. to have travelled     

d. travelling

4. I don’t like that house. I would hate _______there.

a. live

b. living         

c. to live                

d. to have lived

5. Sometimes I would like_______ to play the piano.

a. to learn

b. learning         

c. learn                   

d. to have learned

6. Please remember _______this letter.

a. to post

b. post

c. posting                        

d. to have posted

7. We tried _______the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire­- brigade.

a. putting

b. put

c. to put                          

d. to have put

8. Someone must have taken my bag. I clearly remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.

a. leave

b. to leave   

c. to have left              

d. leaving

9. Jane needed some money. She tried _______Harry but he couldn’t help her.

a. to have asked

b .to ask

c. asking                     

d. ask

10. Please tell me how _______this

a. do

b. to do     

c. doing                     

d. to have done

11. One is never too old_______

a. to learn

b. learning       

c. learn                     

d. to have learned

12. You are old enough _______out alone.

a. going

b. to go

c. to have gone               

d. go

13. I’m glad _______you

a. to meet

b. meet      

c. meeting                 

d. to have met

14. It’s nice _______you

a. to know

b. know      

c. knowing               

d. to have known

15. We stopped_______ hello to her.

a. say

b. to say       

c. saying                  

d. to have said

16. It’s no use ______ those things.

a. buy

b. buying         

c. to buy                  

d. to be bought

17. After ______, she invited the audience to ask questions.

a. finish

b. finished                       

c. finishing     

d. to finish

18. Robbins started ______ a few years ago.

a. to jog

b. jogging

c. jog                         

d. A and B are correct

19. I suggest ________ some more mathematics puzzles.

a. do

b. to do

c. doing                      

d done

20. My computer needs _______.

a. repair

b. to repair

c. repairing                 

d. repaired

--(Nội dung đầy đủ, chi tiết vui lòng xem tại online hoặc đăng nhập để tải về máy)---

ĐÁP ÁN

Exercise 1

1c 2a 3d 4c 5b 6a7a 8c 9d 10b 11d 12d 13d 14a 15c 16a 17a 18d 19c 20d

Exercise 2

1b 2b 3d 4c 5a 6a 7b 8c 9a 10d 11b 12c 13b 14d 15a 16a 17b 18d 19a 20b

Exercise 3

1c 2a 3d 4b 5a  6c 7d 8b9a 10b 11c 12d 13a14b 15d  16c 17d 18c19a 20b

Exercise 4

1b 2b 3a 4c 5b 6a 7b 8a  9d 10a 11b 12a 13a 14b 15c 16b 17b  18a 19d 20d

Exercise 5

1b 2b 3b 4c  5d 6d7a 8c9b 10b 11a 12c 13d 14a 15b 16c 17d  18b 19b 20c

Exercise 6

1d 2a 3c 4b  5a 6d 7d 8d 9a 10b 11d 12a 13b 14d 15c 16c 17a  18a 19b 20d

1.A 2.A 3. C 4.D 5. B

6.C 7.A 8.D 9. B 10. C 11.B  12.D                             

13.A 14.B 15. B 16.D 17.C 18.D                             

19. A 20. D 21. D 22. A  23. B 24. C 25. A

26.A 27.A 28.B 29.A 30. B

31.A 32.A 33.B 34.C 35. A

36.A 37.B 38.A 39.C 40. D

41.C 42.C 43. D 44.B 45. A

46. C 47. A 48. A 49. D 50.B

BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO

KEYS:

1.C       2.A    3.D    4.C    5.A   6. A    7.C       8. D      9. C      10.B        11A        12.B   

13.A    14.A     15.B    16.B     17.C   18.D     19.C   20.C      21.B     22.D     23.B      24.A  25.D 

26.B       27.B     28.A     29.A     30.C     31.A       32.D       33.A      34.D      

35.A     36. C     37. C     38.A    39. D   40.C      41. B      42. A      43. A    44.C    45. B      

46.  B 47. A   48. A       49. B     50. B      51. A     52.D      53. A     54.B    55.C

56.A   57.A   58.A   59.C   60.B   61.D   62.B   63.B   64.A   65.D   66.D   67.A

68.D   69.A   70.B   71.A   72.A   73.D   74.B   75.A   76.C   77.B   78.B   79.C   80.B

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