CHUYÊN ĐỀ GERUND AND INFINITIVE
PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT
I. GERUND:
1.Chức năng:
Là chủ ngữ của câu: Dancing bored him
Bổ ngữ của động từ: Her hobby is painting
Là bổ ngữ: Seeing is believing
Sau giới từ: He is interested in watching films on Tv.
Sau một vài động từ: avoid, mind, enjoy………
2. Một số cách dùng đặc biệt:
A. Verb + V-ing: Danh động từ theo sau một số động từ:
| Admit: thú nhận Anticipate: trông mong, mong đợi Avoid: tránh Appreciate: tán thành Consider: xem xét Delay: hoãn lại Defer: trì hoãn Deny: từ chối Detest: ghét Dislike: không thích Dread: sợ Enjoy: thích thú Escape: trốn thoát Excuse: thứ lỗi Fancy: đam mê | Finish Forgive: tha thứ Like: thích Love: yêu thích Imagine: tưởng tượng Involve: dính líu, liên quan Keep: giữ, tiếp Mind: phiền Miss: lỡ, nhớ Mention: đề cập Pardon: tha thứ, tha lỗi Prefer Prevent: ngăn ngừa Postpone: hoãn lại Practice: thực hành | Prevent Propose (= suggest) Quit: từ bỏ Recollect: nhớ lại Resent: căm thù Recall: gợi nhớ/ recollect Resume: cho rằng Resist : kháng cự, ngăn cản Risk : mạo hiểm Remember/ forget Suggest: gợi ý Stop/ begin/ start Understand: hiểu Discuss: thảo luận Hate: ghét |
Ex: He admitted taking the money.
Avoid over-eating
He detests writing letters.
He didn’t want to risk getting wet.
I can’t understand his/ him leaving his wife.
Chú ý: excuse, forgive, pardon, prevent không trực tiếp theo sau bởi danh động từ mà theo sau bởi:
Possessive adjective/ pronoun + danh động từ hoặc pronoun + preposition + danh động từ
Appreciate thường theo sau bởi tính từ sở hữu hoặc danh động từ ở dạng bị động
Ex: Forgive my/ me ringing you up so early.
Forgive me for ringing you up so early.
You can’t prevent his/ him spending his own money.
You can’t prevent him from spending his own money.
I appreciate your giving me o much of your time./ I appreciate being given this opportunity.
b. common phrasal verbs + V-ing: (sau một số cụm động từ)
carry on, end up, give up, go round, keep on, put off, set about…
c. Expression + V-ing: Một số thành ngữ theo sau bởi V-ing
– have fun/ a good time + V-ing : vui vẻ …
– have trouble/ difficulty + V-ing:
– have a hard time/ difficult time + V-ing
– spend + time/ money + V-ing (present participle)
He spends 3 hours studying English every day.
– waste + time/money + V-ing :
– sit + Danh từ nơi chốn + V-ing : she sat at her desk writing a letter
– stand + danh từ nơi chốn + V-ing
– lie + danh từ nơi chốn + Ving
– can’t help = can’t bear = can’t stand = can’t resist (không thể chịu được)
I can’t bear hearing his lies
I can’t stand seeing him here
– it is no good / it is no use (vô ích / không có ích) : It’s no use phoning him at this time
– there’s no point in …
– What’s the point of…
– to be busy bận rộn
My mother is busy cooking in the kitchen.
– to be worth đáng
This book is worth reading
– be use to = get used to = be accustomed to : quen với
– S + prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing: thích làm gì hơn làm gì
= S + would rather Vinf than Vinf
d. go + gerund để chỉ một hoạt động đặc biệt nào đó: (Present participle)
– go fishing đi câu cá go hunting go bowling go jogging
– go shopping đi mua sắm go camping go sightseeing go sailing
– go swimming đi bơi go dancing go running ….
– go hiking đi bộ dã ngoại go birdwatching go boating go canoening
– go mountain climbing
* Cụm giới từ theo sau bởi V-ing:
- Complain about/of + V-ing
- Dream about/of + V-ing
- Talk about/of + V-ing
- Think about/of + V-ing
- Keep (someone) from V-ing
- Prevent (someone) from V-ing
- Stop (someone) from V-ing
- Apologize
- Believe
* Preposition +gerund (giới từ +gerund):
Be interested in (thích thú) think about (nghĩ về) apologize for (xin lỗi về)
Insist on (khăng khăng về) talk about (nói về) instead of (thay vì)
Be accustomed to look forward to ( mong đợi )
be / get used to quen /thích nghi với be familiar with
3. The perfect gerund:
Form: having Vpp
The perfect gerund được sử dụng thay the present form of gerund (V-ing) khi chúng ta đề cập tới một hành động đã hoàn tất trong quá khứ:
Ex: He was accused of having stolen her money.
He denied having been there.
4. The passive gerund:
Form: being + past participle (present)
Having + been + Vpp (past)
Ex: She hates being called a dull.
The mountain climbers are in danger of being killed by an avalanche.
I am interested in being given money by my mother.
He was punished by being sent to bed without any supper.
The safe showed no signs of having been touched.
II. INFINITIVES: Động từ nguyên thể
1.Chức năng:
– Làm chủ ngữ của câu: (cùng với các động từ: appear, seem, be)
Ex: To save money now seems impossible.
= It seems impossible to save money (more usual)
– Làm bổ ngữ của động từ (be):
Ex: His plan is to keep the affair secret.
– Làm tân ngữ của động từ:
Ex: He wants to play
– Chỉ mục đích: He learns English to sing English songs.
– Sau một số tính từ:
2. Bare infinitive (infinitive without to)
Được dùng sau động từ make, have với nghĩ nguyên cớ (causative)
The Brown made their children clean their room.
The guest had the porters carry their luggage upstairs.
Được dùng sau động từ giác quan như see, hear, feel,notice, taste, smell, ….
We incidentally saw the plane crash into the moutain.
The man noticed his assistant leave work earlier than usual.
Chú ý:
Feel, hear, see, watch, smell , find + O + Ving (present participle): bắt gặp ai đó đang làm gì
Feel, hear, see, watch, smell , find + O + bare inf. : thấy ai đó đã làm gì
- Được dùng sau động từ let và help.
My brother let me use computer.
The parents helped their children set up the tent.
- Được dùng sau các đọng từ khuyết thiếu và trợ động từ: can, could, will, shall, would, should, used to, had better, need, ought to, do, did …
- Trong cấu trúc: would rather + bare infinitve/ had better
3. To – infinitive:
A. To infinitive sau động từ:
Dùng 1: V + TO INFINITIVE : Một số động từ theo sau là to infinitive
1.agree: đồng ý
2.aim: nhằm mục đích
3. appear: có vẻ
4.arrange: sắp xếp
5.ask: yêu cầu
6.attempt: cố gắng
7.bother: phiền
8.care: để ý
9.choose: chọn
10.claim: công bố
11.decide: quyết định
12.demand: yêu cầu
13.determine: định đoạt
14.fail: thất bại
15.guarantee: bảo đảm
16.happen: xảy ra
17. hesitate: do dự
18.hope: hy vọng
19.learn: học
20.manage: xoay xở
21.neglect: lơ đãng
22.offer: đề nghị
23.plan: có kế hoạch
24.prepare:chuẩn bị
25.pretend: giả vờ
26. proceed: tiếp nối
27.promise:
28.prove: chứng tỏ
29.refuse: từ chối
30.resolve: nhất quyết
31.seem:
32.swear: thề
33.tend: có xu hướng
34.threaten: dọa
35.volunteer: tình nguyện
36.vow: dụ dỗ
37.wish
38.want
39.need
40.wait
41. expect
42. intend
43. would like/ would love
44. beg
45. begin/ start
46. afford : đủ khả năng
47. be willing
48. be able
49. expect
50. intend
51.beg: cầu khẩn
52. prefer
Dùng 2: V + O + TO INFINITIVE
– Danh từ/ đại từ làm tân ngữ (objects) đi sau, rồi mới đến “to infinitive”
Ví dụ:
– She advised me to go to the English Club.
* Một số động từ thường gặp:
+ advise : khuyên + allow: cho phép
+ ask: yêu cầu. + cause: gây ra.
+ command : yêu cầu, ra lệnh + encourage: khuyến khích
+ expect: mong chờ. + forbid: cấm
+ force : buộc + instruct: chỉ dẫn
+ invite: mời + oblige: bắt buộc
+ need: cần – We need you to help us
+ teach: dạy – My brother taught me to swim
+ tell: bảo. + want: muốn
+ warn : cảnh báo + remind: nhắc nhở
+ order: yêu cầu, ra lệnh + persuade : thuyết phục
+ request: yêu cầu + show :
+ train : đào tạo, huấn luyện + instruct: chỉ dẫn
+ permit: cho phép + remind: nhắc nhở
* NOTES :
+ allow / permit / advise/ recommend/ encourage + object + to infinitive
Ex: She doesn’t allow me to smoke in her room
+ allow/ permit/ recommend/ encourage/ advise + gerund
Ex: She doesn’t allow smoking in her room
Dạng 3: V + TO INFINITIVE/ GERUND (một số động từ theo sau bởi to infinitive and gerund)
Nhóm 1: V + to Infinitive / Gerund ( không khác nghĩa )
– begin bắt đầu – prefer thích .. hơn – can’t stand
– start bắt đầu – hate ghét – can’t bear
– continue tiếp tục – loveyêu thích – intend
– like thích – bother làm phiền
Các động từ trên có thể được theo sau bởi to Infinitive hoặc Gerund mà ý nghĩa hÇu nh không đổi.
Ví dụ:
– He began to laugh
= He began laughing
Chú ý :
a) Không nên dùng: It’s beginning raining
Nên nói: It is begining to rain
b) Động từ nguyên mẫu thường mang ý nghĩa của một mục đích, một dự tính trong tương lai, trong khi danh động từ mang ý nghĩa một kinh nghiệm sẵn có. Cách sử dụng chúng đôi khi rất tinh tế như sau:
Ví dụ
– I like to meet the public
(Tôi thích gặp công chúng – Tôi thấy nên gặp, cần gặp → dự định)
– I like meeting the public
(Tôi thích gặp công chúng. Tôi thấy vui khi gặp và tôi luôn làm thế).
Nhóm 2: V + infinitive / Gerund ( khác nghĩa)
remember, forget, regret, try, stop, need , go on
a. NEED
Need to do = it is necessary to do :cần phải làm ( động từ nguyên mẫu mang nghĩa chủ động)
Need doing = need to be done : cần phải được làm ( động từ nguyên mẫu mang nghĩa bị động)
- Tom needs to work (It is necessary for Tom to work harder.)
- The grass in front of the house needs cutting. (The grass in front of the house needs to be cut.)
b. STOP
Stop to do = stop in order to do : dừng lại để làm việc gì khác
Stop doing = not to do something any longer : dừng làm việc gì đó (đang làm)
- They stopped to look at the pictures.
- They stopped smoking because it is bad for their health.
c. REGRET/ REMEMBER/ FORGET:
Remember/forget/regret + to V: nhớ/quên/tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (ở hiện tại và tương lai)
* Remember to send this letter (hãy nhớ gửi bức thư này). Don’t forget to buy flowers (đừng quên mua hoa đấy)
* I regret to inform you that the train was canceled (tôi rất tiếc phải báo tin cho anh rằng chuyến tầu đã bị hủy bỏ) Remember/forget/regret + V-ing: nhớ/quên/tiếc đã làm gì (ở quá khứ).
I paid her $2. I still remember that. I still remember paying her $2 (tôi nhớ đã trả cô ấy 2 đô la).
She will never forget meeting the Queen (cô ấy không bao giờ quên lần gặp nữ hoàng)
He regrets leaving school early. It is the biggest mistake in his life.
d. TRY
Try to do : cè g¾ng lµm
Try doing : thö lµm
- She tries to pass the entrance exam to the college of pharmacy.
- I’ve got a terrible headache. I try taking some aspirins but they didn’t help.
e. GO ON:
Go on doing s.th. : tiếp tục làm cùng một việc gì đó.
Go on to do s.th. : làm hay nói việc gì khác
The Minister went on talking for two hours.
- We must change our ways. We can’t go on living like this.
- After discussing the economy, the Minister went on to talk about foreign policy.
f. MEAN
Mean + to V = intend to V: dự định làm gì đó
Mean + V-ing = involve: bao gồm, bao hàm, có nghĩa là
B. To infinitive sau một số tính từ:
Trong cấu trúc sau: IT + BE + ADJECTIVE + TO INFINITIVE
Ví dụ:
– It’s difficult to find their house Thật khó tìm ra nhà của họ
– It’s dangerous to drive fast Lái xe nhanh thì nguy hiểm.
– It’s important to learn English Học tiếng Anh thì rất quan trọng
Có hai dạng tương đương như sau:
= To infinitive + be + Adjective
Gerund
Ví dụ:
– It’s exciting to play football Chơi bóng đá thật thú vị.
= to play football is exciting
= playing football is exciting
To infinitive sau 1 số tính từ:
Able, unable, happy, delighted (vui vẻ), easy, lovely, glad, sorry, eager (háo hức), amazed (ngạc nhiên), pleased (hài lòng), disappointed, surprised, willing (sẵn lòng), certain (chắc chắn)
Trong cấu trúc:
* S + be/ get/ look/ seem/ become…+ too + Adj +(for O) + to infi.
S + V (thường) + too + Adv +(for O) + to infi.
Ex: The water in this glass is too hot to drink.
This coffee is too hot for me to drink.
He runs too slowly to catch the bus.
*S + be + Adj + enough (for O) + to infi.
S + V (thường) + Adv + enough (for O) + to infi.
Ex: He is old enough to get married.
He’s intelligent enough to get good marks.
They speak slowly enough to understand.
* so + adjective + as + infinitive
Ex: He was so foolish as to leave his car unlocked.
*It + cost/ take + O + to infinitive…
Ex: It would cost millions/ take years to rebuild the castle.
C. Sau một số từ để hỏi:
Verb + how/what/when/where/ which/why + infinitive
Những động từ sử dụng công thức này là ask, decide, discover, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, show + object, think, understand, want to know, wonder.
Ex : He discovered how to open the safe.
I found out where to buy fruit cheaply.
She couldn’t think what to say
I showed her which button to press.
She wondered whether to write or phone.
D. Chỉ mục đích:
Ex: He tried to study hard in order to / so as to/ to pass every exam
E. Noun + to infinitive ( replace a relative clause)
Ex: 1. I have many things which I must do/ to do
- She is always the last to go/ who goes
F. S + V + Đại từ bất định + To V
(anywhere, anybody, anything, somebody, something, somewhere, nobody, nothing, nowhere, everything, everybody, everywhere)
Ex: Is there anywhere to go?
He has got nothing to eat
G. Sau một số cụm từ sau:
be about :định, sẽ
be able : có thể
do one’s best : cố gắng
make an/ every effort: nỗ lực
make up one’s mind: quyết định
can’t afford
Ex: He is just about to leave
We can’t afford to live in the centre
H. Thay cho một mệnh đề quan hệ:
– Động từ nguyên thể có thể được sử dụng sau the first, the second…, the last, the only và thỉnh thoảng sau so sánh hơn nhất
Ex: He loves parties; he is always the first who comes and the last who leaves.
= He loves parties; he is always the first to come and the last to leave
He is the second one to be killed in this way.
4. The perfect infinitive:
+ Form: to have + Vpp
+ Use:
– Dùng với was/ were để diễn tả một kế hoạch chưa thực hiện được
Ex: The house was to have been ready today (but it isn’t)
– Dùng sau would/ would like để diễn tả một điều ước vẫn chưa hoàn thiện
Ex: He would like to have seen it (but it was impossible)
– Dùng với một số động từ: appear, happen, pretend, seem, believe, consider, find, know, report, say, suppose, think, understand…
III. PASSIVE INFINITIVE AND GERUND:
+ Passive gerund: being + past participle
Ex: She hates being called a dull.
The mountain climbers are in danger of being killed by an avalanche.
I am interested in being given money by my mother.
+ Passive infinitive: to be + past participle
Ex: I hoped to be invited to the party.
He refused to be taken to hospital.
She doesn’t want to be asked personal questions
-> Được dùng để nhấn mạnh hành động/ sự kiện hơn là tác nhân gây ra hành động
PHẦN II. VÍ DỤ
Exercise 1:
1. My father usually helps me_______ English.
a. to learn b. lean c. learning d. both a and b
2. He was heard_______ shout.
a. to b. of c. by d. at
3. This student expected_______ the first winner of the Grand Prix.
a. be b. being c. to be d. will be
4. I told her_______ about her wedding; everything will straighten out.
a. Don't worry b. not to worry c. no worry d. not worry
5. May I suggest you let_______
a. Mary doing so b. Mary do so c. Mary does to d. Mary to do so
6. She_______ him when he called her.
a. pretended not hear b. pretended she heard not
c. pretended not to hear d. did not pretend hear
7. The doctor advised_______ late.
a. me not staying up b. me not stay up c. me not to stay up d. I did not stay up
8. The school superintendent told me_______
a. hurrying up b. to hurry up c. hurry up d. hurried up
9. "_______us face the enemies", shouted the soldiers.
a. Make b. Let c. Leave d. Keep
10. Mr. Brown told the schoolgirls_______ in class.
a. don't ear b. not to eat c. eat not d. not eat
11. I have heard Dang Thai Son_______ the piano.
a. played b. plays c. play d. to play
12. The young teachers wanted a Foreign Language Teaching workshop _______ in Ho Chi Minh City.
a. to be holding b. should hold c. to be held d. to hold
13. _______able to take part in the international math contest two years from now, Son works very hard in his math lass.
a. In order to be b. Being c. Been d. So that he be
14. Try_______ so many mistakes.
a. not to make b. not make c. to make not d. make not
15. Let me_______ from you soon.
a. to hear b. hear c. hearing d. heard
16. John is too stupid_______ understand this.
a. to b. not to c. to not d. for
17. The wind is_______ to blow the roof off.
a. strong enough b. too strong c. quiet strong d. very strong
18. My father is _______ to stay up late.
a. too tired b. enough tired c. tired enough d. so tired
19. John wanted me_______ him.
a. to be helping b. help c. to help d. I help
20. I want_______ early tomorrow morning.
a. to leave b. leaving c. me leave d. me leaving
ĐÁP ÁN
| 1d | 2a | 3c | 4b | 5c | 6c | 7c | 8b | 9b | 10b |
| 11c | 12c | 13a | 14b | 15b | 16a | 17a | 18a | 19c | 20a |
Exercise 2:
1. I hope_______
a. to see you there b. seeing you there c. you to see there d. see you there
2. I taught_______
a. how mending a shirt b. him how to mend a shirt
c. how mend a shirt d. him how mend a shirt
3. I told_______
a. Nam to come b. to come Nam c. to Nam come d. Nam come
4. My father has decided_______ a new house.
a. find b. to find c. finding d. him find
5. Mother warned_______ the electric plug
a. here not to touch b. her touching not c. her not touch d. not touch
6. Don't tell Tan because I don't want_______
a. him to know b. know c. him know d. knowing
7. She explained_______
a. how to make it b. me how to make it c. me to make it d. me make it
8. Miss Brown told Mary_______ down.
a. sit b. to sit c. sitting d. sat
9. She told Mary_______ up hope.
a. not give b. do not give c. not to give d. to give not
10. Michael Faraday wrote a litter to Sir Humphry Davy_______ for work.
a. asked b. to ask c. so to ask d. in order to asking
11. Do you know_______ to play that game now?
a. way b. what c. if d. how
12. She is very glad_______ see you again.
a. in b. with c. to d. for
13. He noticed two thieves_______ out of a shop.
a. to come b. are coming c. in coming d. come
14. When will he be allowed to go home? When will they_______?
a. let him go b. let to go c. leave him to go d. leave him
15. The guide encouraged the tourists_______ the Prado Museum Madrid
a. visit b. to visit c. visiting d. to visiting
16. Mow that were finished painting the house, there's nothing left_______
a. done b. did c. to do d. for doing
17. The superintendent promised to tear down and_______ the fire damaged school building.
a. rebuild b. to rebuild c. rebuilding d. to rebuilding
18. The mechanic needs_______ a new muffler on your car.
a. to put b. putting c. to be put d. to putting
19. Our house needs_______
a. to paint b. to be painting c. to be paint d. painting
20. Do you want _______ by the doctor?
a. to examine b. to be examined c. being examined d. being to examine
ĐÁP ÁN
| 1a | 2b | 3a | 4b | 5a | 6a | 7a | 8b | 9c | 10b |
| 11d | 12c | 13d | 14a | 15b | 16c | 17a | 18a | 19d | 20b |
PHẦN III. BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
Exercise 1
1.I enjoy_______ alone.
a. be
b. being
c. to be
d. to have been
2. Would you like_______ to the party?
a. to come
b. come
c. coming
d. to have come
3. Do you mind_______ such a long way to work everyday?
a. to travel
b. travel
c. to have traveled
d. traveling
4. I don’t like that house. I would hate_______ there.
a. live
b. living
c. to lie
d. to have lived
5. I don’t like that house. I would hate_______ there.
a. live
b. living
c. to live
d. to have lived
6. Sometimes I’d like_______ to play the piano.
a. to learn
b. learn
c. learning
d. to have learned
7. Please remember_______ this letter.
a. to post
b. post
c. posting
d. to have posted
8. We tried_______ the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire-brigade.
a. putting
b. put
c. to put
d. to have put
9. When you see John, remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.
a. to have given
b. giving
c. give
d. to give
10. Someone must have taken my bad. I clearly remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.
a. leave
b. leaving
c. to leave
d. to have left
11. Jane needed some money. She tried_______ Harry but he couldn’t help her.
a. to have asked
b. ask
c. to ask
d. asking
12. I think they are now accustomed to _______ 12 hours a day.
a. work
b. to work
c. worked
d. working
13. He tried_______ the shelf but he wasn’t tall enough.
a. reach
b. reaching
c. to reach
d. to have reached
14. Alice didn’t expect_______ to Bill’s party
a. asking
b. being asked
c. to ask
d. to be asked
15. I finally finished_______ at 7:00 pm and served dinner.
a. cooking
b. being cooked
c. to cook
d. to be cooked
16. Sam always remembers_______ in the garage so that the driveway in free for other cars.
a. parking
b. being parked
c. to park
d. to be parked
17. The nurse suggested_______ two aspirins.
a. taking
b. being taken
c. to take
d. to be taken
18. Would you mind not_______ the radio until I’ve finished with this phone call?
a. turning on
b. being turned on
c. to turn on
d. to be turned on
19. They were fortunate_______ from the fire before the building collapsed.
a. rescuing
b. to have rescued
c. to rescue
d. to have been rescued
20. The house family avoided_______ by coming out only when the house was empty and the two cats were outside.
a. catching
b. being caught
c. to have been caught
d. to be caught
Exercise 2
1.It’s very kind of you_______ so.
a. say
b. to say
c. saying
d. to be saying
2. Please show me how_______ this.
a. do
b. to do
c. doing
d. to have done
3. One is never too old_______
a. learning
b. learn
c. to have learned
d. to learn
4. You are old enough_______ out alone.
a. going
b. go
c. to go
d. to have gone
5. I’m very glad_______ you.
a. to meet
b. meet
c. meeting
d. to be meeting
6. It’s nice_______ you.
a. to know
b. know
c. knowing
d. to be knowing
7. You have no right_______ my daughter.
a. see
b. to see
c. seeing
d. to have seen
8. Please tell me what_______
a. doing
b. do
c. to do
d. to have done
9. I forbid you _______ my letter.
a. to read
b. read
c. to have read
d. reading
10. We stopped_______ hello to her.
a. say
b. saying
b. to have said
d. to say
11. We came_______ help her.
a. help
b. to help
c. to have helped
d. helping
12. I’ll invite her_______ my daughter.
a. teaching
b. teach
c. to teach
d. to have taught
13. I don’t feel like_______ to the cinema now.
a. go
b. going
c. to go
d. to have gone
14. It’s no good_______ video games.
a. play
b. to have played
c. to play
d. playing
15. It’s no use_______ with him.
a. working
b. work
c. to work
d. to have worked
16. The idea of_______ abroad appeals to me.
a. working
b. work
c. to work
d. being working
17. The Rogers are happy about_______ a baby.
a. have
b. having
c. to have
d. to be having
18. Camping is hard if you’re not used to _______ on the ground.
a. be slept
b. to be sleeping
c. sleeping
d. sleeping
19. Mrs. Kerry didn’t want_______ on
a. to be operated
b. being operated
c. to operate
d. to be operating
20. Windows are used to let in light and _______ out cold.
a. to keep
b. keep
c. keeping
d. for keeping
Exercise 3
1.It isn’t worth while_______ her.
a. marry
b. to marry
c. marrying
d. to have married
2. She did nothing but_______
a. cry
b. to cry
c. to have cried
d. crying
3. He can’t live without_______ here.
a. being loved
b. to love
c. love
d. loving
4. People are prevented from_______ to the polluted area.
a. go
b. going
c. to go
d. to have gone
5. Tourists are not allowed _______ in the Temple.
a. to talk
b. talk
c. talking
d. being talked
6. The teacher doesn’t allow_______ dictionaries in the final examination.
a. being used
b. use
c. using
d. to use
7. Many countries have considered_______ the victims of the tsunami.
a. to have helped
b. to help
c. help
d. helping
8. The child admitted_______ a lie.
a. tell
b. telling
c. to tell
d. to be telling
9. The president agreed_______ the Agreement.
a. to sign
b. sign
c. signing
d. to have signed
10. The captain chose_______ with his ship.
a. die
b. to die
c. to have died
d. dying
11. Vietnam failed_______ Tiger Cup 2004!
a. winning
b. win
c. to win
d. to have won
12. The child promised_______ his parents.
a. being obeyed
b. obeying
c. obey
d. to obey
13. Lee was upset by_______ him the truth.
a. our not having told
b. us not tell
c. we didn’t tell
d. not to tell
14. Wee considered_______ after work.
a. to go shop
b. going shopping
c. going to shop
d. to go to shop
12. Jack offered_______ care of my garden while I was out of town.
a. take
b. taking
c. to have taken
c. to take
13. Could you please come over? I need you _______ the refrigerator.
a. help me moving
b. helping me to move
c. to help me move
d. help me to move
14. I’ll never forget_______ that race. What a thrill!
a. to win
b. win
c. being won
d. winning
12. No one has better qualifications. Carol is certain_______ for the job.
a. to choose
b. having chosen
c. to be chosen
d. being chosen
13. I was enjoying my book, but I topper_______ a program on TV.
a. reading to watch
b. to read to watch
c. to read for watching
d. reading for to watch
14. Who is the woman talking to Mr. Quinn? I don’t recall_______ her around the office before.
a. to have seen
b. seeing
c. to see
d. being seen
Exercise 4
1.He tried to avoid_______ my question.
a. answer
b. answering
c. to answer
d. to have answered
2. Paula has given up _______ to lose weight.
a. try
b. trying
c. to try
d. to have tried
3. We can’t go on_______ like this.
a. living
b. live
c. to live
d. to be living
4. Don’t keep_______ me while I’m talking.
a. interrupt
b. to interrupt
c. interrupting
d. to have interrupted
5. I can’t imagine Bill _______ a motorbike.
a. ride
b. riding
c. to ride
d. to be riding
6. Sorry to keep you_______ so long.
a. waiting
b. wait
c. to wait
d. to have waited
7. She now regrets_______ it.
a. say
b. having said
d. to say
d. to have said
8. We decided_______ at home.
a. to stay
b. stay
c. staying
d. having stayed
9. Frank tends_______ too much.
a. to have drunk
b. drinking
c. drink
d. to drink
10. He doesn’t want_______
a. to know
b. know
c. knowing
d. to be knowing
11. I don’t advise anybody_______ in that hotel.
a. stay
b. to stay
c. staying
d. to have stayed
12. The mother made her child_______ the word
a. repeat
b. to repeat
c. repeating
d. to be repeating
13. My parents don’t let me_______ out alone.
a. go
b. to go
c. going
d. to be going
14. I’m afraid I have some homework_______ today.
a. do
b. to do
c. going
d. done
15. Have the movers_______ the bedroom furniture first.
a. brought in
b. to bring in
c. bring in
d. bringing in
16. Do you know what_______ so many people evacuate their homes?
a. forced
b. made
c. caused
d. convinced
17. Where are the children? “I saw_______ in the yeard”.
a. hem to play
b. them playing
c. they playing
d. to them playing
18. You’re been taking a lot of nice photographs.
a. becoming
b. about become
c. to become
d. about becoming
19. Jane’s summer vacation in England led to_______ an English man.
a. her marry
b. her to marry
c. her being married
d. her marrying
20. We would like_______ to the president’s reception, but we weren’t
a. having invited
b. having been invited
c. to have invited
d. to have been invited
Exercise 5
1.I can’t go because I haven’t got anything_______
a. wear
b. to wear
c. wearing
d. worn
2. I have nothing_______ you to day.
a. tell
b. to tell
c. telling
d. told
3. Would you like something_______?
a. rink
b. to drink
c. drinking
d. drunk
4. Is there any place_______ tonight?
a. stayed
b. staying
c. to stay
d. stay
5. Have you got any books_______?
a. sell
b. selling
c. sold
d. to sell
6. I often avoid_______ to parties.
a. go
b. to go
c. gone
d. going
7. They often suggest their_______ out with some friends.
a. going
b. gone
c. go
d. to go
8. Please pardon my_______ you.
a. disturb
b. disturbing
c. to disturb
d. disturbed
9. I cannot remember_______ him last week.
a. meet
b. meeting
c. to meet
d. met
10. Susan is interested in _______ a bus.
a. drive
b. driving
c. to drive
d. driven
11. What about_______ for a walk?
a. going
b. gone
c. go
d. to go
12. Have you planned on _______ to Nha Trang this summer?
a. go
b. to go
c. going
d. gone
13. I suggest _______ to the cinema for a change.
a. go
b. to go
c. went
d. going
14. Do you consider_______ our teacher on Friday?
a. inviting
b. invited
c. invited
d. to invite
15. Would you mind_______ me a hand?
a. to give
b. giving
c. give
d. given
16. The baby continued_______ even after she was picked up.
a. being crying
b. having cried
c. to cry
d. having been crying
17. Arthur pretended not_______ hurt when his younger sister bit him.
a. having
b. be
c. to have
d. to have been
18. We were shocked to hear the news of your_______
a. having fired
b. having been fired
c. to be fired
d. to have been fired
19. Do you have an excuse_______ late to class two days in a row?
a. for to be
b. for being
c. to be
d. being
20. Jack made me_______ him next week.
a. to promise to call
b. to promise calling
c. promise to call
d. promise calling
Exercise 6
1.I can’t stand_______ her cry.
a. to have seen
b. to see
c. see
d. seeing
2. Suddenly everybody stopped_______ There was silence.
a. talking
b. to talk
c. talk
d. being talked
3. I’ll go with you when I’ve finished_______ my homework.
a. to have done
b. do
c. doing
d. to do
4. _______natural resources is of great importance.
a. Preserve
b. Preserving
c. To have preserved
d. Preserved
5. We avoid_______ out environment.
a. polluting
b. to pollute
c. pollute
d polluted
6. I think they are now accustomed to _______ 12 hours a day.
a. work
b. to work
c. worked
d. working
7. “Why did Mrs. Walker call?” “She wants_______ her load some boxes into her car”..
a. that we help
b. us help
c. us helping
d. us to help
8. “How did the prisoner escape?” “By climbing a fence and_______ someone’s car”.
a. steal
b. to steal
c. from stealing
d. stealing
9. “What happened to Julie?” “We saw_______ by a bicyclist”.
a. her hit
b. hit her
c. her hitting
d. being hitting
10. “What is this letter about?” “It’s in regard_______ at a conference next week”.
a. to you speak
b. to our speaking
c. of our speaking
d. to you speaking
11. “Why are you getting new glasses?” “Because it’s difficult_______ the small print in the newspaper”.
a. to read for me
b. my reading
c. I read
d. for me to read
12. “This cabinet is beautiful. Did you make it yourself?” “No, I had_______”.
a. it built
b. built it
c. to built it
d. it build
13. “Don’t take a taxi. We insist_______ in our car.
a. you to come
b. on your coming
c. on you coming
d. for you to come
14. “You’ve been redecorating your house”, “Yes, I’m thinking_______ this room white”.
a. to paint
b. to painting
c. of paint
d. about painting
15. “What’s wrong with the teacher?” “_______to class late so much has made him mad”.
a. John comes
b. John coming
c. John’s coming
d. John to come
16. “I can’t open this jar of mayonnaise” “_______ Lee to help you”.
a. Have
b. Let
c. Ask
d. Make
17. “Did you paint our house yourself?” “No, I had some friends_______ me”
a. help
b. helped
c. to help
d. to help to
18. Photocopiers are used_______ of a written text.
a. to make copies
b. to making copies
c. make copies
d. making copies
19. “Do you like being married?” “Yes, but I’m not use_______ every night”.
a. to cook
b. to cooking
c. cooking
d. to have cooked
20. “It’s warmer in her now”. “Yes, I had Karen _______ then window.”.
a. closed
b. closing
c. to close
d. close
Ecxercise 7
1.I am looking forward to ___________ you.
A. seeing
B. see
C. to see
D. saw
2. I arranged__________ them here.
A. to meet
B. meeting
C. met
D. meet
3. He urged us __________ faster.
A. working
B. work
C. to work
D. worked
4. I wish___________ the manager.
A. see
B. seeing
C. saw
D. to see
5. It’s no use ____________
A. wait
B. waiting
C. to wait
D. waited
6. He warned her ____________ the wire.
A. not touching
B. not touch
C. not to touch
D. to not touch
7. Don’t forget ___________ the door before ____________ to bed.
A. to lock/ going
B. locking/ going
C. to lock/ to go
D. lock/ going
8. My mother told me _____________ to anyone about it.
A. not speaking
B. not speak
C. to not speak
D. not to speak
9. He tried _________ but she refused ____________
A. to explain/ listen
B. to explain/ to listen
C. explain / listen
D. explaining/ listening
10. Would you mind __________ me how __________ the lift?
A. to show/ to work
B. show/ work
C. showing/ to work
D. showing/ working
11. I couldn’t help ____________ what you said.
A. overhear
B. overhearing
C. overheared
D. to overhear
12. Please go on ___________.I can wait.
A. write
B. to write
C. wrote
D. writing
13. His doctor advised him __________ jogging.
A. to give up
B. give up
C. giving up
D. gave up
14. Do stop ___________. I am doing my homework.
A. talk
B. talking
C. to talk
D. talked
15. Mrs. Jones: I don’t allow my family __________ at all.
A. smoking
B. to smoke
C. smoked
D. smoke
16. I am beginning ____________ what you mean.
A. to understand
B. understand
C. understanding
D. A & C
17. After walking for three hours, we stopped to let the others ____________ with us.
A. to catch
B. catching
C. catch
D. A & B
18. Your windows need __________. Would you like me to do them for you?
A. to be cleaned
B. to clean
C. cleaning
D. A & C
19. It is interesting ___________ a good film.
A. to watch
B. watching
C. watch
D. watched
20. My mother made me ___________ at home at night.
A. staying
B. to stay
C. stayed
D. stay
21. The librarian asked us __________ so much noise.
A. don’t make
B. not make
C. not making
D. not to make
22. I told you ___________ the computer, didn’t it?
A. to switch off
B. don’t switch off
C. not switch off
D. switch off
23. He advised them ___________ in the class
A. to not talk
B. not to talk
C. to talk not
D. don’t talk
24. Judy suggested _____________ for a walk but no one else wanted to.
A. to go
B. go
C. going
D. went
25. Tom refused _________ me any money
A. to give
B. give
C. gave
D. giving
26. Jill has decided not ____________a car
A. to buy
B. buy
C. buying
D. will buy
27. There was a lot of traffic but we managed___________to the airport in time.
A. to get
B. getting
C.not to get
D. got
28. Ann offered___________after our children while we were out
A. look
B. to look
C. looking
D. look to
29. Would you like___________ to the D&J coffee
A. to go
B.going
C. went
D. goes
30.Why hasn’t Sue arrived yet? She promised not ____________late
A. come
B. to come
C. coming
D. came
31. She promised __________ back again
A. not to come
B. is coming
B. coming
D. came
32. The teacher encouraged___________ the football team
A. to join
B. joining
C. joined
D. join to
33. He reminded me ___________ to give the book back to John
A. not forget
B. not to forget
C. forgot
D. forgeting.
34. My father has given up ____________.
A. smoke
B. smoked
C. smoking
D. to smoked
35.”All right, I’ll wait for you” She agreed ___________ for me
A. to wait
B. not to wait
C. waiting
D. wait to
36. I don’t enjoy ___________ letters.
A. writing
B. to write
C. have be written
D. wrote
37. I consider ______________ the job but in the end I decided against doing it.
A. to take
B. taking
C. to be take
D. took
38. The boy insisted on ______________ a break after lunch.
A. having
B. to have
C.not to have
D. have
39. The woman looked forward to __________ his mother again.
A. meet
B. to meet
C. meeting
D. met
40. The boy accused his friend of___________ stolen his bicycle.
A. have
B. to have
C.not to have
D. having
41. Her mother prevented her from ___________ mobile phone.
A. use
B. to use
C. using
D. not to use
42. He thanked her for __________ him some money.
A. lend
B. to lend
C. lending
D. not lend.
43. She refused ____________ back again
A. not to come
B. is coming
C. coming
D. to come
44. Her mother prevented her from ____________ out alone at night.
A. go
B.going
C. to go
D. not to go
45. His brother agreed ____________ a car
A. to buy
B. buy
C. buying
D. will buy
46. Most of my friends enjoy ______________ football on television.
A. watch
B. to watch
C. watching
D. watched
47. Anne would rather ___________ than anything else.
A. study
B. studying
C. to study
D. studied
48. Tracey is out of work. She hasn’t been able _____________ a job yet.
A. find
B. to find
C. finding
D. found
49. Tracey doesn’t want___________ her friends and family.
A. leave
B. leaving
C. left
D. to leave
50. I am very tired of ______________ to her complaints day after day.
A. listen
B. listening
C. to listen
D. listened
BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO
Exercise 1: Multiple choice
1.I enjoy _________ alone.
a. be
b. to be
c. being
d. to have been
2. Would you like _______to the party?
a. to come
b. come
c. coming
d. to have come
3. Do you mind_______ such a long way to work everyday?
a. to travel
b. travel
c. to have travelled
d. travelling
4. I don’t like that house. I would hate _______there.
a. live
b. living
c. to live
d. to have lived
5. Sometimes I would like_______ to play the piano.
a. to learn
b. learning
c. learn
d. to have learned
6. Please remember _______this letter.
a. to post
b. post
c. posting
d. to have posted
7. We tried _______the fire out but we were unsuccessful. We had to call the fire- brigade.
a. putting
b. put
c. to put
d. to have put
8. Someone must have taken my bag. I clearly remember_______ it by the window and now it has gone.
a. leave
b. to leave
c. to have left
d. leaving
9. Jane needed some money. She tried _______Harry but he couldn’t help her.
a. to have asked
b .to ask
c. asking
d. ask
10. Please tell me how _______this
a. do
b. to do
c. doing
d. to have done
11. One is never too old_______
a. to learn
b. learning
c. learn
d. to have learned
12. You are old enough _______out alone.
a. going
b. to go
c. to have gone
d. go
13. I’m glad _______you
a. to meet
b. meet
c. meeting
d. to have met
14. It’s nice _______you
a. to know
b. know
c. knowing
d. to have known
15. We stopped_______ hello to her.
a. say
b. to say
c. saying
d. to have said
16. It’s no use ______ those things.
a. buy
b. buying
c. to buy
d. to be bought
17. After ______, she invited the audience to ask questions.
a. finish
b. finished
c. finishing
d. to finish
18. Robbins started ______ a few years ago.
a. to jog
b. jogging
c. jog
d. A and B are correct
19. I suggest ________ some more mathematics puzzles.
a. do
b. to do
c. doing
d done
20. My computer needs _______.
a. repair
b. to repair
c. repairing
d. repaired
--(Nội dung đầy đủ, chi tiết vui lòng xem tại online hoặc đăng nhập để tải về máy)---
ĐÁP ÁN
Exercise 1
1c 2a 3d 4c 5b 6a7a 8c 9d 10b 11d 12d 13d 14a 15c 16a 17a 18d 19c 20d
Exercise 2
1b 2b 3d 4c 5a 6a 7b 8c 9a 10d 11b 12c 13b 14d 15a 16a 17b 18d 19a 20b
Exercise 3
1c 2a 3d 4b 5a 6c 7d 8b9a 10b 11c 12d 13a14b 15d 16c 17d 18c19a 20b
Exercise 4
1b 2b 3a 4c 5b 6a 7b 8a 9d 10a 11b 12a 13a 14b 15c 16b 17b 18a 19d 20d
Exercise 5
1b 2b 3b 4c 5d 6d7a 8c9b 10b 11a 12c 13d 14a 15b 16c 17d 18b 19b 20c
Exercise 6
1d 2a 3c 4b 5a 6d 7d 8d 9a 10b 11d 12a 13b 14d 15c 16c 17a 18a 19b 20d
1.A 2.A 3. C 4.D 5. B
6.C 7.A 8.D 9. B 10. C 11.B 12.D
13.A 14.B 15. B 16.D 17.C 18.D
19. A 20. D 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A
26.A 27.A 28.B 29.A 30. B
31.A 32.A 33.B 34.C 35. A
36.A 37.B 38.A 39.C 40. D
41.C 42.C 43. D 44.B 45. A
46. C 47. A 48. A 49. D 50.B
BÀI TẬP NÂNG CAO
KEYS:
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.A 6. A 7.C 8. D 9. C 10.B 11A 12.B
13.A 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.C 18.D 19.C 20.C 21.B 22.D 23.B 24.A 25.D
26.B 27.B 28.A 29.A 30.C 31.A 32.D 33.A 34.D
35.A 36. C 37. C 38.A 39. D 40.C 41. B 42. A 43. A 44.C 45. B
46. B 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. A 52.D 53. A 54.B 55.C
56.A 57.A 58.A 59.C 60.B 61.D 62.B 63.B 64.A 65.D 66.D 67.A
68.D 69.A 70.B 71.A 72.A 73.D 74.B 75.A 76.C 77.B 78.B 79.C 80.B
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