LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP PHÂN BIỆT TOO VÀ ENOUGH
1. Lý thuyết
1.1. Too
Cách dùng của Too
Too có nghĩa là quá. Too thường đứng trước Tính từ (Adjective) và Trạng từ (adverb) để biểu thị tình trạng vượt quá sự mong đợi.
Một số cấu trúc Too:
S + be + Too + Adjective/Adverb + For… Somebody… to do something…: Quá… để ai đó làm việc gì đó.
E.g:
- This shirt is too large for him to wear. (Cái áo này quá rộng để anh ta mặc).
- This milk is too sweet for her to drink. (Sữa này quá ngọt để cho cô ấy uống).
- He runs too fast for me to catch up. (Anh ấy chạy quá nhanh để tôi có thể bắt kịp).
- It is too sweet for a tea. (Trà quá ngọt).
S + be + Too + Adjective/Adverb + that Somebody can/could not do something: Quá… để ai đó không thể làm gì đó.
E.g:
- The test is too difficult that she can not finish it. (Bài kiểm tra quá khó tới nỗi cô ấy không thể hoàn thành nó).
- This car is too old that he can not drive it. (Chiếc xe hơi đó quá cũ tới nỗi anh ấy không thể lái).
- He runs too fast that I can not catch up. (Anh ấy chạy quá nhanh tới nỗi tôi không thể bắt kịp).
Lưu ý: Cấu trúc này thường ở dạng phủ định và cách dùng giống với cấu trúc So + Adjective + that + Clause.
1.2. Enough
Cách dùng của Enough
Enough được dùng với nghĩa là đủ và đứng trước danh từ, nhưng lại đứng sau tính từ hoặc trạng từ.
E.g:
This tea is hot enough for me to drink. (Trà không đủ nóng cho tôi để uống).
She shouldn’t get married yet. She’s not old enough. (Cô ấy không nên đám cưới. Cô ấy chưa đủ lớn).
I didn’t have enough time to finish the tasks. (Tôi không có đủ thời gian để hoàn thành bài tập).
Yesterday, I got home late so I didn’t sleep enough. (Hôm qua, tôi về nhà trễ vì thế tôi không ngủ đủ).
Hoặc trong một số câu giao tiếp thông dụng với nghĩa là đủ rồi:
- – That is enough!
- – It is enough!
- – Enough is enough! (Cái gì cũng có giới hạn của nó: Thành ngữ).
Cách dùng enough cũng khá đơn giản phải không các bạn. Các bạn chỉ cần nhớ một số điểm như sau:
- Enough mang ý nghĩa là đủ, đứng trước danh từ và sau tính từ hoặc trạng từ.
- Được sử dụng trong các câu hội thoại thông dụng và thành ngữ.
Bên cạnh đó thì enough có một số cấu trúc rất đặc biệt mà mình sẽ chia sẻ trong nội dung tiếp theo. Chắc chắn sẽ là những cấu trúc quan trọng và thường được sử dụng nên các bạn nhớ lưu ý nhé.
Cấu trúc enough
(not) Enough … for somebody/ something: đủ (không đủ)… cho ai/vật gì đó.
E.g:
- I haven’t got enough money for the ticket. (Tôi không có đủ tiền để mua vé).
- He wasn’t prepair enough for the test. (Anh ta chưa chuẩn bị đủ cho bài thi).
(not) Enough… to do something: đủ (không đủ)… để làm điều gì.
E.g:
- I haven’t got enough money to buy the ticket. (Tôi không có đủ tiền để mua vé).
- He wasn’t experienced enough to teach English. (Anh ta không đủ kinh nghiệm để dạy tiếng Anh).
- Teacher spoke clear enough for us to understand (Thầy giáo nói rõ ràng để chúng tôi có thể hiểu được).
Lưu ý: Bạn có thể dùng kết hợp (not) Enough … for somebody/ something to do something
Ex: She is beautiful enough for him to fall in love with her. (Cô ấy đủ xinh đẹp để anh ấy yêu mà).
2. Bài tập
Exercise 1: Fill in the gaps with Too or Enough
1. I left the coffee for a minute to cool because it was ………. hot to drink.
2. He wasn’t strong ……. to lift that heavy box.
3. There aren’t ……….. policemen in our town.
4. Do you have …………. information to help me with this problem?
5. It is …………. difficult to do for a little child.
6. I do not have ………….. much time to prepare dinner.
7. I didn’t buy the car because it was ………. expensive.
8. He didn’t work hard ………. to pass the exam.
9. My mum can’t sleep because she drinks ………. much coffee.
10. She isn’t old ………… to start driving.
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer
1. It was _____ so we didn’t get it.
A/ expensive enough
B/ too expensive
C/ enough expensive
2. It’s ___ to read; I don’t understand it at all.
A/ enough difficult
B/ too difficult
C/ difficult enough
3. They didn’t sell _____ to make it worthwhile.
A/ tickets enough
B/ enough tickets
C/ too tickets
4. There were _____ people there.
A/ too
B/ too many
C/ too much
5. It’s not ____ to sort things out.
A/ enough late
B/ late enough
C/ too late
6. It’s ____ to pass.
A/ enough difficult
B/ too difficult
C/ too much difficult
7. I left because I’d had ______ their arguing.
A/ enough
B/ enough of
C/ too
8. He ate ____ and felt ill.
A/ enough much
B/ much enough
C/ too much
9. I’m shattered; I didn’t ____ last night.
A/ enough sleep
B/ sleep enough
C/ too sleep
10. It’s ____ to walk- I’ll take the bus.
A/ enough far
B/ far enough
C/ too far
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences using Enough + the following words:
big chairs cups fit milk money
qualifications room time warm well
1. I can't run very fat. I'm not fit enough.
2. Some of us had to sit on the floor because there weren't enough chairs.
3. I'd like to buy a car, but I haven't got .... at the moment
4. Have you got .... in your coffee or would you like some more?
5. Are you .... ? Or shall I switch on the hearing?
6. It's only a small car. There's isn't .... for all of us.
7. Steve didn't feel .... to go to work this morning.
8. I enjoyed my trip to Paris,but there wasn't .... to do everything I wanted.
9. Do you think I've got .... to apply for the job?
10. Try this jacket on and see if it's .... for you.
11. There weren't .... for everybody to have coffee at the same time.
Exercise 4: Complete the answer to the questions. Use Too or Enough + the word(s) in brackets.
1. Are they going to get married?
(old) No, they're not old enough to get married.
2. I need to talk to you about something.
(busy) Well, I'm afraid I'm .... to you now.
3. Let's go to the cinema.
(late) No, it's .... to the cinema.
4. Why don't we sit outside?
(warm) It's not .... outside.
5. Would you like to be a politician?
(shy) No, I'm .... a politicitan.
6. Would you like to be a teacher?
(patience) No,I haven't got .... a teacher.
7. Did you hear what he was saying?
(far away) No, we were .... what he was saying.
8. Can he read a newspaper in English.
(English) No, he doesn't know .... a newspaper.
Exercise 5: Make one sentence from two. Complete the new sentence using Too or Enough.
1. We couldn't carry the boxes. They were too heavy.
The boxes were too heavy to carry.
2. I can't drink this coffee. It's too hot.
This coffee is ...................... .
3. Nobody could move the piano. It was too heavy.
The piano ........................... .
4. Don't eat these apples. They're not ripe enough.
These apples ........................ .
5. I can't explain the situation. It is too complicated.
The situation ....................... .
6. We couldn't climb over the wall. It was too high.
The wall ............................ .
7. Three people can't sit on this sofa. It isn't big enough.
This sofa ........................... .
8. You can't see some things without a microscope. They are too small.
Some ................................ .
Exercise 6: Complete the sentences with Too or Enough
1. (tall) He wasn’t ………….. to become a flight attendant.
2. (busy) I’m afraid I’m …………. to talk you now.
3. (good) The paper isn’t …………..
4. (patience) I haven’t got …………. to be a teacher.
5. (late) It’s 10 pm. It’s …………. to the cinema.
6. (enough) She couldn’t run …………. to catch the bus.
7. (warm) It’s not …………. to go out.
8. (chairs) We don’t have …………. for all students here.
9. (busy) She’s …………. trying to come up in our party tonight.
10. (people) We have …………. to form three groups.
11. (young) Jim is …………. to drive motorcycle.
12. No more workouts. That’s …………. for today.
13. (flour) There isn’t …………. to make fifty loads of bread.
14. (far away) We were …………. to heard what he was saying.
15. (dark) The forest is …………. that he can’t see anything.
16. (English) He doesn’t know …………. to talk to foreigner.
17. (food and drink) There was …………. for about twenty people.
18. (hot) The tea is …………. for me to drink.
19. (big) Is this box …………. for all those things?
20. (shy) I’m …………. to talk to him.
ĐÁP ÁN
Exercise 1:
1- too,
2-enough,
3- enough,
4- enough,
5- too,
6- too,
7- too,
8- enough,
9- too,
10- enough.
Exercise 2:
1- too expensive
2- too difficult
3- enough tickets
4- too many
5- too late
6- too difficult
7- enough of
8- too much
9- sleep enough
10- too far
Exercise 3:
3. enough money
4. enough milk
5. warm enough
6. enough room
7. well enough
8. enough time
9. enough qualifications
10. big enough
11. enough cups
Exercise 4:
2. too busy to talk
3. too late to go
4. warm enough to sit
5. too shy to be
6. enough patience to be
7. too far away to hear
8. enough English to read
Exercise 5:
2. This coffee is too hot to drink.
3. The piano was too heavy to move
4. These apples aren't ripe enough to eat
5. The situation is too complicated to explain
6. The wall was too high to climb over
7. This sofa isn't enough for three people
8. Some things are too small to see without a microscope.
Exercise 6:
1. He wasn’t tall enough to become a flight attendant.
2. I’m afraid I’m too busy to talk you now.
3. The paper isn’t good enough.
4. I haven’t got enough patience to be a teacher.
5. It’s 10 pm. It’s too late to the cinema.
6. She couldn’t run fast enough to catch the bus.
7. It’s not warm enough to go out.
8. We don’t have enough chairs for all students here.
9. She’s too busy trying to come up in our party tonight.
10. We have enough people to form three groups.
11. Jim is too young to drive motorcycle.
12. No more workouts. That’s enough for today.
13. There isn’t enough flour to make fifty loads of bread.
14. We were too far away to heard what he was saying.
15. The forest is too dark that he can’t see anything.
16. He doesn’t know enough English to talk to foreigner.
17. There was enough food and drink for about twenty people.
18. The tea is too hot for me to drink.
19. Is this box big enough for all those things?
20. I’m too shy to talk to him.
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