ĐỀ CƯƠNG VÀ BÀI TẬP
ÔN LUYỆN TIẾNG ANH HỌC KÌ 1 LỚP 10
A. CÁC ĐIỂM NGỮ PHÁP CHÍNH
I. Thì:
1. Simple present (Hiện tại đơn):
- Be-> am/ is/ are
- Have-> have/ has
| Khẳng định | Phủ định | Nghi vấn |
| He/ she/ it + V-s/es I/ You/ We/ They + V | He/ she/ it + doesn’t + V I/ You/ We/ They +don’t + V | Does + he/ she/ it +V? Do + I/ you/ we/ they +V? |
- Use:
A. Diễn tả thói quen ở hiện tại:
B. Diễn tả sự thật, chân lí
- Trạng từ thường gặp: never, sometimes, usually, often, always, as a rule, normally…
- Ex: Mr Vy usually gets up at 4:40 a.m
- Do you go to school on Sunday?
- Lan doesn’t know how to use a computer.
2. Present continuous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn) S + am/ is/ are + Ving
- Use:
A. Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra ở thời điểm nói
B. Diễn tả dự định tương lai có mốc thời gian cụ thể.
- Trạng từ thường gặp: now, at present, at this moment, right now
- Ex: - I’m learning English now
- My mother isn’t cooking lunch at this moment.
- What are you doing this evening?
3. Present perfect (Hiện tại hoàn thành): S+ have/ has/ + PP
| khẳng định | phủ định | nghi vấn |
| He/ She/ It + has + PP I/ You/ We/ They + have + PP | He/ She/ It +hasn’t +PP I/ You/ We/ They + haven’t + PP | Has + He/ She/ It + PP? Have + I/ You/ We/ They + PP? |
- Use:
A. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ kéo dài đến hiện tại
B. Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ để lại kết quả ở hiện tại
C. Diễn tả kinh nghiệm
- Trạng từ thường gặp: never, just, ever, recently, already, yet, lately, for, since, so far….
- Ex: - They have just built a hospital in this area
- Tom hasn’t eaten Chinese food before
- How long have you lived here?
4. Simple past (Quá khứ đơn)
- Be-> was/ were
- Have/ has-> had
| khẳng định | phủ định | nghi vấn |
| S + V-ed/V2 | S + didn’t + V | Did + S + V? |
- Use: Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ.
- Trạng từ thường gặp: yestersay, ago, last….
Ex: - I went to Hue three day ago.
- Did you watch TV last night?
- Peter wasn’t at home yesterday evening.
5. Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn): S+ was/ were + Ving
- Use: Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm quá khứ
- Ex: - I was watching TV at 5 p.m yesterday.
- Were they having lunch when you called?
6. Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành) S+ had + PP
- Use: Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và hoàn thành trước 1 hành động khác ở quá khứ.
- Trạng từ thường gặp: after, before
7. Simple future (tương lai đơn):
| khẳng định | phủ định | nghi vấn |
| S + will + V1 | S + won’t + V1 | Will + S + V1? |
- Use: Diễn tả hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai .
- Trạng từ thường gặp: Tomorrow, next…….
Ex: - Will you go to university after you finish school?
- I will say goodbye to you before I leave Danang
- Mary won’t go to the party because she has to do her homework.
Bài tập áp dụng:
Exercise I: Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous tense.
1/ I (have) __________ coffee for breakfast every day.
2/ My brother (work) __________ in a shoe store this summer.
3/ The student (look) ___________ up that new word now.
4/ She (go) __________ to school every day.
5/ We (do) __________ this exercise at the moment.
6/ My mother (cook) ___________ some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) __________ in the mornings.
7/ It (rain) __________ very much in the summer. It (rain) _________ now.
8/ Bad students never (work) __________ hard.
9/ He generally (sing) ________ in English, but today he (sing) ________ in Spanish.
10/ We seldom (eat) __________ before 6.30.
Exercise II: Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect or the simple past tense.
1/ We (never watch) __________ that TV programme.
2/ We (watch) __________ a good programme on TV last night.
3/ He (read) __________ that novel many times before.
4/ I (have) __________ a little trouble with my car last week.
5/ However, I (have) __________ no trouble with my car since then.
6/ I (not see) __________ John for a long time. I (see) __________ him 3 weeks ago.
7/ I (meet) __________ Mary last night. She (become) __________ a very big girl.
8/ He is very thirsty. He (not drink) __________ since this morning.
9/ It is very hot. Summer (come) __________.
10/ Mr Brown (travel) __________ by air several times in the past.
Exercise III: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.
1/ He (sit) __________ in a bar when I (see) __________ him.
2/ When I (go) __________ out, the sun (shine) __________.
3/ The light (go) __________ out while I (have) __________ tea.
4/ When it (rain) __________, she(carry) __________ an umbrella.
5/ We (walk) __________ to the station when it (begin) __________ to rain.
Exercise IV: Put the verbs in brackets in the simple present or the simple future tense.
1/ We (go) __________ out when the rain (stop) __________.
2/ I (stay) _________ here until he (answer) __________ me.
3/ Wait until I (catch) __________ you.
4/ I (be) _________ ready before you (count) _________ ten.
5/ John must eat his breakfast before he (go) __________ out.
6/ Miss Helen (help) __________ you as soon as she (finish) ________ that letter.
7/ He (tell) _________ you when you (get) __________ there.
8/ She (not come) __________ until you (be) _________ ready.
9/ He (tell) __________ you when you (ask) __________ him.
10/ I (come) _______ and (see) ________ you before I (leave) _____ for England.
Exercise V: Supply the correct tense.
1/ They (just decide) __________ that they (undertake) ___________ the job.
2/ We (go) ___________ to the theatre last night.
3/ He usually (write) __________ in green ink.
4/ She (play) _________ the piano when our guests (arrive) _________ last night.
5/ We (do) __________ an English exercise at the moment.
6/ I (come) _________ as soon as my work is finished. (You be) ________ ready ?
7/ Where (you go) __________ for your holiday last year ?
8/ I (not leave) ________ Paris since we (go) _______ to Dieppe three years ago.
9/ My mother (come) __________ to stay with us next weekend.
10/ We (meet) __________ only yesterday and (already decide) __________ to get married.
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Bài tập áp dụng:
Exercise 1: Active or Passive? Underline the correct verb form.
1. Tom has just promoted / has just been promoted to area manager of East Asia.
2. My father has taken / has been taken English class in the U.S.
3. How many times have you / have you been fired?
4. How much money have you saved / have you been saved for your vacation.
5. My brother has given / has been given tickets to the concert
6. The population of our city has risen / has been risen to nearly one million.
7. A strike has called / has been called by the factory worker.
8. They haven’t offered / haven’t been offered more money by the management.
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