Đề cương ôn tập HK2 môn Tiếng Anh 8 năm 2021

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KÌ 2 MÔN TIẾNG ANH 8 NĂM 2021

1.1. Tenses

a/ Simple present tense : (Thì hiện tại đơn)

@ Đối với động từ Tobe:

(+) S + is/am/are + ......

(-) S + is/am/are + not + ......

(?) Is/Am/Are + S + ...... ?

@ Đối với động từ thường:

(+) S + V(s-es) + ......

(-) S + donot/doesnot + V + ......

(?) Do/Does + S + V + ...... ?

@ Một số từ đi kèm : often, usually, always, sometimes, never, every (day)

b/ Present progressive tense : (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn):

(+) S + is/am/are + V-ing + ......

(-) S + is/am/are + not + V-ing + ......

(?) Is/Am/Are + S + V-ing + ...... ?

Một số từ đi kèm: now, at the moment, at present, look !, be careful ! listen !

c/ Simple past tense: (Thì quá khứ đơn :

@ Đổi với động từ Tobe:

(+) S + was/were + ......

(-) S + was/were + not + ......

(?) Was/Were + S + ...... ?

@ Đối với động từ thường:

(+) S + V2 + ......

(-) S + didnot + V + ......

(?) Did + S + V + ...... ?

Một số từ đi kèm: last, ago, yesterday

d/ Near future tense: (Thì tương lai gần):

(+) S + is/am/are + going to + V...

(-) S + is/am/are + not + going to + V...

(?) Is/Am/Are + S + going to + V ...?

Một số từ đi kèm: at a moment, tonight.

e/ Simple future tense: (Thì tương lai đơn)

(+) S + will/shall + V ...

(-) S + will/shall + not + V...

(?) Will/Shall + S + V ...?

Một số từ đi kèm: tomorrow, next, soon

f/ Present Perfect tense: (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)

(+) S + have/has + V3 + ...

(-) S + have/has + not + V3 + ...

(?) Has/Have + S + V3 + ... ?

Một số từ đi kèm: ever, never, just, already, yet, recently,recently, since, for, several times.

g/ Past continuous: (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)

(+) S + was/were + V-ing + ...

(-) S + was/were + not + V-ing + ...

(?) Was/Were + S + V-ing + ...?

Một số từ đi kèm: at that time, at this time, at time, between time and time.

h/ Mối quan hệ giữa thì hiện tại hoàn thành và thì quá khứ đơn thông qua liên từ since:

Nếu hai mệnh đề được nối với nhau bởi liên từ since thì mệnh đề since thường chia ở thì quá khứ đơn, còn mệnh đề chính thường chia ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành.

Ex: Lan (learn) English since she (be) 3 years old.

=> Lan has learnt English since she was 3 years old.

i/ Mối quan hệ giữa thì quá khứ tiếp diễn và thì quá khứ đơn thông qua liên từ when:

Nếu hai mệnh đề được nối với nhau bởi liên từ when thì mệnh đề when thường chia ở thì quá khứ đơn, còn mệnh đề chính thường chia ở thì quá khứ tiếp diễn.

Ex: Lan (do) her homework when the phone (ring)

=> Lan was doing her homework when the phone rang

1.2. Passive form:

ACTIVE		PASSIVE
Simple Present Tense	S + V(s,es) + O	S + is/am/are + V3 + (by O)
Simple Past Tense	S + V2 + O	S + was/were + V3 + (by O)
Present Continuous Tense	S + is/am/are + V-ing + O	S + is/am/are + being + V3 + (by O)
Past Continuous Tense	S + was/were + V-ing + O	S + was/were + being + V3 + (by O)
Present Perfect Tense	S + have/has + V3 + O	S + have/has + been + V3 + (by O)
Near Future Tense	S + is/am/are + going to + V + O	S + is/am/are + going to + be + V3 + (by O)
Simple Future Tense	S + will/shall + V + O	S + will/shall + be + V3 + (by O)
Modal Verbs	S + MV + V + O	S + MV + be + V3 + (by O)

1.3. Reported speech:

a. Commands – requests: (câu mệnh lệnh - yêu cầu)

S + asked/told + O + (not) to-infinitive + ...

b. Advices : (lời khuyên)

S1 + said/told + S2 + should + bare-infinitive + ...

c. Yes – No questions : (câu hỏi có-không)

S + asked + if/whether + S + V + ...

d. Statements : (câu trần thuật)

@ Một số thay đổi:

TRỰC TIẾP	GIÁN TIẾP
Simple present	Simple past
Present continuous	Past continuous
Will/shall	Would/should
May	Might
Can	Could
Must	Had to
Mustn't	Was not to /were not to
This	That
These	Those
Here	There
Now	Then
Today	That day
Yesterday	The day before (the previous day)
Tomorrow	The day after (the next day)
Ago	Before
Next week	The following week (the week after)

a. Present participle: V – ing

b. Past participle: V3

1.5. Request with WOULD YOU MIND... ?:

@ Yêu cầu người khác làm việc gì : Would you mind + V-ing ... ?

@ Xin phép một cách lịch sự: Would you mind + if clause (past tense) ... ?

Do you mind + if clause (present tense) ... ?

1.6. Causative form: (Thể sai khiến)

S + have/has + O + bare-infinitive

Exercise 1. Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others.

1. A. industrious	B. nature	C. injure	D. climate
2. A. typhoon	B. tropical	C. debris	D. document
3. A. animal	B. destroy	C. erupt	D. exploit
4. A. documentary	B. preparation	C. scientific	D. photography
5. A. eruption	B. science	C. destroy	D. volcano

Exercise 2. Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others.

1. A. rescue	B. supply	C. erupt	D. damage
2. A. mudslide	B. earthquake	C. typhoon	D. debris
3. A. hurricane	B. tornado	C. volcano	D. eruption
4. A. disaster	B. injury	C. tsunami	D. provision
5. A. tropical	B. natural	C. terrible	D. destructive

Exercise 3. Circle the words with the underlined parts pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. prepares	B. erupts	C. stops	D. photographs
2. A. typhoon	B. goose	C. food	D. flood
3. A. looked	B. suggested	C. minded	D. decided
4. A. bought	B. drought	C. brought	D. ought
5. A. ache	B. charity	C. archaeology	D. chaos
6. A. bear	B. beard	C. wear	D. prepare
7. A. geology	B. psychology	C. classify	D. photography
8. A. physical	B. mythology	C. rhythmic	D. psychology

Exercise 4. Give the correct forms of the words in brackets to complete the sentences.

1. This beach is very _________ for swimmers because tornadoes often start there. (danger)

2. Her family live near an active volcano, so she's always worried about the _________ of her family. (safe)

3. Don't leave the light on. It wastes _________ . (electric)

4. Mount. Phu Si _________ in Japan some years ago. (eruption)

5. We need some _________ to cope with natural disasters before they happen. (prepare)

6. Protecting our _________ resources especially rainforests is very important to prevent some natural disasters such as landslides, floods, so on. (nature)

7. A flood causes the _________ of food and water because it destroys crops and pollutes the fresh water. (short)

8. In tropical region, it is very _________ in summer. (storm)

9. Deforestation can cause soil _________ . (erode)

10. Crops are _________ severely by a drought. (destruction)

11. A lot of _________ about people and assets were left after a hurricane. (damage)

12. Food and drink are usually _________ after a natural disaster occurs. (scarcity)

Exercise 5. Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. Tsunami is a Japanese term for an unusually large ocean wave caused by undersea earthquake, landslide, or volcanic _____________________. (erupt)

2. During a volcano, you should follow the ____________________________ order issued by authorities. (evacuate)

3. Thunderstorms can be _____________________, while tornadoes, and lightning can be life threatening. (destroy)

4. _____________________ of the deadly Nepal earthquake have told the horror of the moment when it struck, leaving more than 3,000 dead. (survive)

5. The tents will be used for medical camps and temporary _____________________ after the earthquake in Nepal. (accommodate)

6. A website in Pakistan is helping coordinate the _____________________ of aid in the flood disaster. (provide)

Exercise 6. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words in the to the brackets.

1. Our coffee is a very _________ products in the international market due to the high quality and the reasonable price. (competition)

2. We both admired his _________ in helping other people. (generous)

3. The dress was _________ , so I did not have a look on it. (attract)

4. He _________ with most of the people in last night's face-to-face meeting. He was so talkative. (communication)

5. They were very surprised when they knew his _________ . (nation)

6. He is so _________ to his community because he never misses an opportunity to help people. (activity)

7. In addition to hand gestures, facial _________ also belongs to non-verbal communication. (express)

8. Despite the _________ of chatting online, we will still be using face-to-face meetings to communicate with each other in the year 2050. (popular)

Exercise 7. Use the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.

1. Some types of computer games can be _____________________. (educate)

2. Smartphones can vary from day to day due to new _____________________ by different
companies in the world. (invent)

3. The _____________________ of a nuclear power plant costs a lot of money. (construct)

4. Space _____________________ brings about many benefits to science. (explore)

5. Life is become easy and _____________________ through science and technology. (comfort)

6. Nuclear waste is _____________________ for both humans and the environment. (harm)

Exercise 8. Use the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.

1. Due to the _____________________ in the science and technology, impossible things
have become possible. (develop)

2. Robots increase worker _____________________ by preventing accidents since humans
are not performing _____________________ jobs. (safe – risk)

3. As a _____________________ (science), Professor Tran Dai Nghia set an example as a
true _________ (research) who devoted himself to the ____________(science) career.

4. Robots save workers from performing _____________________ tasks. (danger)

5. One disadvantage of robots is its high cost of the _____________________. (produce)

6. Robots are being used in both _______________ manufacturing and the _____________
field. (industry – medicine)

7. There is no _____________________ reason why Japan will not be able to make progress in robotics. (technology)

8. The key to YouTube’s success is the _____________________ for anyone from anywhere in the world to broadcast themselves for free. (able)

ĐÁP ÁN

Exercise 1. Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others.

1 - A; 2 - A; 3 - A; 4 - D; 5 - B;

Exercise 2. Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others.

1 - D; 2 - C; 3 - A; 4 - B; 5 - D;

Exercise 3. Circle the words with the underlined parts pronounced differently from the others.

1 - A; 2 - D; 3 - A; 4 - B;

5 - B; 6 - B; 7 - C; 8 - D;

Exercise 4. Give the correct forms of the words in brackets to complete the sentences.

1 - dangerous; 2 - safety; 3 - electricity; 4 - erupted; 5 - preparations;

6 - natural; 7 - shortage; 8 - stormy; 9 - erosion; 10 - destroyed; 11 - damages; 12 - scared;

Exercise 5. Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.

1 - eruption; 2 - evacuation; 3 - destructive; 4 - Survivors; 5 - accomodation;

6 - provision;

Exercise 6. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words in the to the brackets.

1 - competitive; 2 - generosity; 3 - attractive; 4 - communicated;

5 - nationality; 6 - active; 7 - expressions; 8 - population;

Exercise 7. Use the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.

1 - educated; 2 - inventions; 3 - construction; 4 - exploration; 5 - comfortable; 6 - harmful;

Exercise 8. Use the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.

1 - development; 2 - safety - risky; 3 - scientist - researcher - scientific; 4 - dangerous;

5 - production; 6 - industrial - medical; 7 - technological; 8 - ability;

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